Ablation plus Transarterial Embolic Therapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Larger than 3 cm: Science, Evidence, and Future Directions

Andrew R. Lewis; Carlos A. Padula; J Mark McKinney; Beau B. Toskich

doi:10.1055/s-0039-1697641

Seminars in Interventional Radiology, Table of Contents

Semin intervent Radiol 2019; 36(04): 303-309
DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1697641

Review Article

Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

Ablation plus Transarterial Embolic Therapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Larger than 3 cm: Science, Evidence, and Future Directions

Authors

Andrew R. Lewis

¹Division of Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
Carlos A. Padula

¹Division of Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
J Mark McKinney

¹Division of Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
Beau B. Toskich

¹Division of Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida

Abstract

Thermal ablation is widely regarded as definitive therapy for early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma, but its efficacy decreases in tumors greater than 3 cm. Extensive clinical studies have supported improved outcomes provided through combining transarterial embolic therapy with ablation in the treatment of larger tumors. This article will provide a survey of the science and data for combination therapy in both thermal and nonthermal ablation modalities, as well as describe emerging applications.

Keywords

hepatocellular carcinoma - radiofrequency ablation - microwave ablation - transarterial chemoembolization - transarterial embolization - cryoablation - thermal ablation - combination therapy - ablation - embolization

Full Text

References

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