Download PDF
CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Eur J Dent 2019; 13(03): 459-465
DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1700598
Review Article
Dental Investigation Society

Evidence-Based Studies and Perspectives of the Use of Brazilian Green and Red Propolis in Dentistry

Claudemir de Carvalho
1   School of Dentistry, Centro Universitário FUNVIC - UniFUNVIC, São Paulo, Brazil
,
Wesley Henrique Cabral Fernandes
1   School of Dentistry, Centro Universitário FUNVIC - UniFUNVIC, São Paulo, Brazil
,
Thays Barreto Freitas Mouttinho
1   School of Dentistry, Centro Universitário FUNVIC - UniFUNVIC, São Paulo, Brazil
,
Daniela Martins de Souza
1   School of Dentistry, Centro Universitário FUNVIC - UniFUNVIC, São Paulo, Brazil
,
Maria Cristina Marcucci
2   Laboratory of Natural Products and Chemometrics, Programa de Pós-Graduação Stricto sensu em Farmácia, Universidade Anhanguera de São Paulo (UNIAN-SP), São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
3   Programa de Pós-Graduação Stricto sensu em Biotecnologia e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade Anhanguera de São Paulo (UNIAN-SP), São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
,
Paulo Henrique Perlatti D’Alpino
3   Programa de Pós-Graduação Stricto sensu em Biotecnologia e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade Anhanguera de São Paulo (UNIAN-SP), São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
4   Programa de Pós-Graduação Stricto sensu em Ensino de Ciências em Saúde, Universidade Anhanguera de São Paulo (UNIAN-SP), São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

Publication Date:
03 December 2019 (online)

   Permissions and Reprints

Abstract

This review analyzes the evidence and perspectives of dental use of the green and red propolis produced in Brazil by Apis mellifera L. Multiple applications of propolis were found considering its antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antiviral, and healing properties. Its therapeutic effects are mainly due to the presence of alcohols, aldehydes, aliphatic acids, aliphatic esters, amino acids, aromatic acids, aromatic esters, flavonoids, hydrocarbyl esters, ethers, fatty acids, ketones, terpenes, steroids, and sugars. Propolis has been mainly used in dentistry in the composition of dentifrices and mouthwashes. Studies have also demonstrated promising use against dentin hypersensitivity, root canal treatment, Candida albicans, and other microorganisms. Overall review of the literature presented here demonstrated that both Brazilian green and red propolis are effective for the problems of multiple etiologies that affect the oral cavity in different dental specialties.

Keywords

green propolis - red propolis - antibacterial activity - natural products
 

  • References

  • 1 Marcucci M, Propolis C. Chemical composition, biological properties and therapeutic activity. Apidologie (Celle) 1995; 26: 83-99
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 2 Sawaya ACHF, Souza KS, Marcucci MC, Cunha IBS, Shimizu MT. Analysis of the composition of Brazilian propolis extracts by chromatography and evaluation of their in vitro activity against gram-positive bacteria. Braz J Microbiol 2004; 35: 104-109
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 3 Celerino de Moraes Porto IC, Chaves Cardoso de Almeida D, Vasconcelos Calheiros de Oliveira Costa G. et al. Mechanical and aesthetics compatibility of Brazilian red propolis micellar nanocomposite as a cavity cleaning agent. BMC Complement Altern Med 2018; 18 (01) 219
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 4 Santos VR. Propolis: Alternative Medicine for the Treatment of Oral Microbial Diseases. In: Sakagami H. ed. Alternative Medicine: IntechOpen. 2012: 133-169
    Google Scholar
  • 5 Šabanović M, Saltović S, Mujkić AA, Jašić M, Bahić Z. Impact of propolis on the oral health. Balk J Dent Med 2019; 23: 1-9
    Google Scholar
  • 6 Więckiewicz W, Miernik M, Więckiewicz M, Morawiec T. Does propolis help to maintain oral health?. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2013; 2013: 351062-62
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 7 Abbasi AJ, Mohammadi F, Bayat M. et al. Applications of propolis in dentistry: a review. Ethiop J Health Sci 2018; 28 (04) 505-512
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 8 Sawaya AC, Barbosa da Silva Cunha I, Marcucci MC. Analytical methods applied to diverse types of Brazilian propolis. Chem Cent J 2011; 5 (01) 27
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 9 Yuan H, Ma Q, Ye L, Piao G. The traditional medicine and modern medicine from natural products. Molecules 2016; 21 (05) 559
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 10 Bankova V, Popova M, Trusheva B. New emerging fields of application of propolis. Maced J Chem Chem Eng 2016; 35: 1-11
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 11 Marcucci MC, Sawaya ACHF, Custódio AR, Paulino N, Eberlin MN. HPLC and ESI-MS typification: New approaches for natural therapy with Brazilian propolis. Scientific evidence of the use of propolis in ethnomedicine.. In: Orsolic N. ed. Scientific Evidence of the Use of Propolis in Ethnomedicine. Kerala, India: Transworld Research Network. 2008: 33-54
    Google Scholar
  • 12 Wang CC, Wang YX, Yu NQ. et al. Brazilian green propolis extract synergizes with protoporphyrin IX-mediated photodynamic therapy via enhancement of intracellular accumulation of protoporphyrin IX and attenuation of NF-kappaB and COX-2. Molecules 2017; 22 (05) 22
    Google Scholar
  • 13 Szliszka E, Kucharska AZ, Sokół-Łętowska A, Mertas A, Czuba ZP, Król W. Chemical composition and anti-inflammatory effect of ethanolic extract of Brazilian green propolis on activated J774A.1 macrophages. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2013; 2013: 976415
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 14 Veiga RS, De Mendonça S, Mendes PB. et al. Artepillin C and phenolic compounds responsible for antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of green propolis and Baccharis dracunculifolia DC. J Appl Microbiol 2017; 122 (04) 911-920
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 15 Popova M, Silici S, Kaftanoglu O, Bankova V. Antibacterial activity of Turkish propolis and its qualitative and quantitative chemical composition. Phytomedicine 2005; 12 (03) 221-228
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 16 Bankova V, Marcucci MC, Simova S, Nikolova N, Kujumgiev A, Popov S. Antibacterial diterpenic acids from Brazilian propolis. Z Naturforsch C 1996; 51 (5-6) 277-280
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 17 Paulino N, Teixeira C, Martins R. et al. Evaluation of the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of a Brazilian green propolis. Planta Med 2006; 72 (10) 899-906
    Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 18 Maruyama H, Sumitou Y, Sakamoto T, Araki Y, Hara H. Antihypertensive effects of flavonoids isolated from Brazilian green propolis in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Biol Pharm Bull 2009; 32 (07) 1244-1250
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 19 Koya-Miyata S, Arai N, Mizote A. et al. Propolis prevents diet-induced hyperlipidemia and mitigates weight gain in diet-induced obesity in mice. Biol Pharm Bull 2009; 32 (12) 2022-2028
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 20 Ferreira JM, Fernandes-Silva CC, Salatino A, Negri G, Message D. New propolis type from north-east Brazil: chemical composition, antioxidant activity and botanical origin. J Sci Food Agric 2017; 97 (11) 3552-3558
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 21 Bhargava P, Grover A, Nigam N. et al. Anticancer activity of the supercritical extract of Brazilian green propolis and its active component, artepillin C: bioinformatics and experimental analyses of its mechanisms of action. Int J Oncol 2018; 52 (03) 925-932
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 22 Ni J, Wu Z, Meng J. et al. The neuroprotective effects of Brazilian green propolis on neurodegenerative damage in human neuronal SH-SY5Y Cells. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2017; 2017: 7984327
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 23 Zhu A, Wu Z, Zhong X. et al. Brazilian green propolis prevents cognitive decline into mild cognitive impairment in elderly people living at high altitude. J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 63 (02) 551-560
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 24 Daugsch A, Moraes CS, Fort P, Park YK. Brazilian red propolis–chemical composition and botanical origin. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2008; 5 (04) 435-441
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 25 Rufatto LC, Luchtenberg P, Garcia C. et al. Brazilian red propolis: chemical composition and antibacterial activity determined using bioguided fractionation. Microbiol Res 2018; 214: 74-82
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 26 Bueno-Silva B, Koo H, Falsetta ML, Alencar SM, Ikegaki M, Rosalen PL. Effect of neovestitol-vestitol containing Brazilian red propolis on accumulation of biofilm in vitro and development of dental caries in vivo. Biofouling 2013; 29 (10) 1233-1242
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 27 López BG, Schmidt EM, Eberlin MN, Sawaya AC. Phytochemical markers of different types of red propolis. Food Chem 2014; 146: 174-180
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 28 Freires IA, de Alencar SM, Rosalen PL. A pharmacological perspective on the use of Brazilian Red Propolis and its isolated compounds against human diseases. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 110: 267-279
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 29 Dantas Silva RP, Machado BA, Barreto GA. et al. Antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiparasitic, and cytotoxic properties of various Brazilian propolis extracts. PLoS One 2017; 12 (03) e0172585
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 30 Freires IA, Rosalen PL. How natural product research has contributed to oral care product development? A critical view. Pharm Res 2016; 33 (06) 1311-1317
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 31 Berretta AA, Arruda C, Miguel FG. et al. Functional properties of Brazilian propolis: from chemical composition until the market. In: Waisundara V, Shiomi N. eds. Superfood and Functional Food - An Overview of Their Processing and Utilization. London, UK: IntechOpen Limited; 2017. 55–98
    Google Scholar
  • 32 Bueno-Silva B, Marsola A, Ikegaki M, Alencar SM, Rosalen PL. The effect of seasons on Brazilian red propolis and its botanical source: chemical composition and antibacterial activity. Nat Prod Res 2017; 31 (11) 1318-1324
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 33 De Luca MP, Franca JR, Macedo FA. et al. Propolis varnish: antimicrobial properties against cariogenic bacteria, cytotoxicity, and sustained-release profile. BioMed Res Int 2014; 2014: 348647
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 34 Maria E, Morsani Mordente C, Freitas Silva F. et al. Phase II study with mounthrinse containing 5% of propolis for three-months: compliance, appreciation and acceptability of the product introduction. R Periodontia 2010; 20: 53-59
    Google Scholar
  • 35 Pereira EM, da Silva JL, Silva FF. et al. Clinical evidence of the efficacy of a mouthwash containing propolis for the control of plaque and gingivitis: a phase II study. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2011; 2011: 750249
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 36 Tanasiewicz M, Skucha-Nowak M, Dawiec M, Król W, Skaba D, Twardawa H. Influence of hygienic preparations with a 3% content of ethanol extract of Brazilian propolis on the state of the oral cavity. Adv Clin Exp Med 2012; 21 (01) 81-92
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 37 Skaba D, Morawiec T, Tanasiewicz M. et al. Influence of the toothpaste with Brazilian ethanol extract propolis on the oral cavity health. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2013; 2013: 215391
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 38 Leitão DP, Filho AA, Polizello AC, Bastos JK, Spadaro AC. Comparative evaluation of in-vitro effects of Brazilian green propolis and Baccharis dracunculifolia extracts on cariogenic factors of Streptococcus mutans. Biol Pharm Bull 2004; 27 (11) 1834-1839
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 39 Cavalcante DR, Oliveira PS, Góis SM. et al. Effect of green propolis on oral epithelial dysplasia in rats. Rev Bras Otorrinolaringol (Engl Ed) 2011; 77 (03) 278-284
    Google Scholar
  • 40 Shimizu T, Takeshita Y, Takamori Y. et al. Efficacy of Brazilian propolis against herpes simplex virus type 1 infection in mice and their modes of antiherpetic efficacies. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2011; 2011: 976196
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 41 Ricardo LR, Ribeiro BP, Soares SA, Lages LN, Oliveira FF, Dornela VF. Effects of propolis on lingual mucosa response of hamsters submitted to experimental carcinogenesis. J Chin Integr Med 2012; 10 (12) 1443-1450
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 42 do Amaral RC, Tomaz Gomes R, Rocha WMS, Abreu SLR, Santos VR. Periodontitis treatment with Brazilian green propolis gel. Pharmacologyonline 2006; 3: 336-341
    Google Scholar
  • 43 Bretz WA, Paulino N, Nör JE, Moreira A. The effectiveness of propolis on gingivitis: a randomized controlled trial. J Altern Complement Med 2014; 20 (12) 943-948
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 44 Noronha VR, Araujo GS, Gomes RT. et al. Mucoadhesive propolis gel for prevention of radiation-induced oral mucositis. Curr Clin Pharmacol 2014; 9 (04) 359-364
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 45 Koo H, Gomes BP, Rosalen PL, Ambrosano GM, Park YK, Cury JA. In vitro antimicrobial activity of propolis and Arnica montana against oral pathogens. Arch Oral Biol 2000; 45 (02) 141-148
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 46 Bruschi ML, Lara EH, Martins CH. et al. Preparation and antimicrobial activity of gelatin microparticles containing propolis against oral pathogens. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2006; 32 (02) 229-238
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 47 de Paula A, Tomaz Gomes R, Kwasnicka Santiago W, Souza Dias R, Esperanza Cortés M, Santos V. Susceptibility of oral pathogenic bacteria and fungi to Brazilian green propolis extract. Pharmacologyonline 2006; 3: 467-473
    Google Scholar
  • 48 Marinho A, Tomaz Gomes R, Resende Lara S. et al. The effect of Brazilian propolis on the germ tube formation and cell wall of. Candida albicans. . Pharmacologyonline 2006; 3: 352-358
    Google Scholar
  • 49 Oda H, Nakagawa T, Maruyama K, Dono Y, Katsuragi H, Sato S. Effect of Brazilian green propolis on oral pathogens and human periodontal fibroblasts. J Oral Biosci 2016; 58: 50-54
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 50 Mazia RS, de Araújo Pereira RR, de Francisco LM. et al. Formulation and evaluation of a mucoadhesive thermoresponsive system containing Brazilian green propolis for the treatment of lesions caused by herpes simplex type I. J Pharm Sci 2016; 105 (01) 113-121
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 51 Lopes-Rocha R, Miranda JL, Lima NL. et al. Effect of topical propolis and dexamethasone on the healing of oral surgical wounds. WHSA 2012; 5: 25-30
    Google Scholar
  • 52 Morawiec T, Mertas A, Wojtyczka RD. et al. The assessment of oral microflora exposed to 3% ethanolic extract of Brazilian green propolis preparation used for hygiene maintenance following minor oral surgeries. BioMed Res Int 2015; 2015: 869575
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 53 Niedzielska I, Puszczewicz Z, Mertas A. et al. The influence of ethanolic extract of Brazilian green propolis gel on hygiene and oral microbiota in patients after mandible fractures. BioMed Res Int 2016; 2016: 9190814
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 54 Morawiec T, Dziedzic A, Niedzielska I. et al. The biological activity of propolis-containing toothpaste on oral health environment in patients who underwent implant-supported prosthodontic rehabilitation. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2013; 2013: 704947
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 55 Troca VB, Fernandes KB, Terrile AE, Marcucci MC, Andrade FB, Wang L. Effect of green propolis addition to physical mechanical properties of glass ionomer cements. J Appl Oral Sci 2011; 19 (02) 100-105
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 56 Cardoso JG, Iorio NL, Rodrigues LF. et al. Influence of a Brazilian wild green propolis on the enamel mineral loss and Streptococcus mutans’ count in dental biofilm. Arch Oral Biol 2016; 65: 77-81
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 57 Mahabala KY, Shrikrishna SB, Natarajan S, Nayak AP. Ethanolic extracts of Aloe vera and propolis as cavity disinfectants: an in vitro study. Dent Hypotheses 2016; 7: 61-66
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 58 Machorowska-Pieniążek A, Morawiec T, Mertas A, Tanasiewicz M, Dziedzic A, Król W. Influence of propolis on hygiene, gingival condition, and oral microflora in patients with cleft lip and palate treated with fixed orthodontic appliances. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2013; 2013: 183915
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 59 Lima RVE, Esmeraldo MR, de Carvalho MG. et al. Pulp repair after pulpotomy using different pulp capping agents: a comparative histologic analysis. Pediatr Dent 2011; 33 (01) 14-18
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 60 Neiva KG, Catalfamo DL, Holliday S, Wallet SM, Pileggi R. Propolis decreases lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory mediators in pulp cells and osteoclasts. Dent Traumatol 2014; 30 (05) 362-367
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 61 Matochek MHM, Tomaz PLS, Oliveira TS. et al. Influence of a propolis-based irrigant solution on gap formation and bond strength of posts bonded to root canal dentin using different resin cements. Dent Mater J In press
    Google Scholar
  • 62 Pereira TC, da Silva Munhoz Vasconcelos LR, Graeff MSZ, Ribeiro MC, Duarte MAH, de Andrade FB. Intratubular decontamination ability and physicochemical properties of calcium hydroxide pastes. Clin Oral Investig 2019; 23 (03) 1253-1262
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 63 Gjertsen AW, Stothz KA, Neiva KG, Pileggi R. Effect of propolis on proliferation and apoptosis of periodontal ligament fibroblasts. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2011; 112 (06) 843-848
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 64 Santos VR, Pimenta FJ, Aguiar MC, do Carmo MA, Naves MD, Mesquita RA. Oral candidiasis treatment with Brazilian ethanol propolis extract. Phytother Res 2005; 19 (07) 652-654
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 65 Santos VR, Gomes RT, de Mesquita RA. et al. Efficacy of Brazilian propolis gel for the management of denture stomatitis: a pilot study. Phytother Res 2008; 22 (11) 1544-1547
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 66 Capistrano HM, de Assis EM, Leal RM, Alvarez-Leite ME, Brener S, Bastos EM. Brazilian green propolis compared to miconazole gel in the treatment of Candida-associated denture stomatitis. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2013; 2013: 947980
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 67 Bueno-Silva B, Alencar SM, Koo H. et al. Anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial evaluation of neovestitol and vestitol isolated from Brazilian red propolis. J Agric Food Chem 2013; 61 (19) 4546-4550
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 68 Martins ML, Leite KLF, Pacheco-Filho EF. et al. Efficacy of red propolis hydro-alcoholic extract in controlling Streptococcus mutans biofilm build-up and dental enamel demineralization. Arch Oral Biol 2018; 93: 56-65
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 69 das Neves MV, da Silva TM, Lima EO, da Cunha EV, Oliveira EJ. Isoflavone formononetin from red propolis acts as a fungicide against Candida sp. . Braz J Microbiol 2016; 47: 159-166
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 70 Bueno-Silva B, Kawamoto D, Ando-Suguimoto ES, Alencar SM, Rosalen PL, Mayer MP. Brazilian red propolis attenuates inflammatory signaling cascade in LPS-activated macrophages. PLoS One 2015; 10 (12) e0144954
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 71 Siqueira AB, Rodriguez LR, Santos RK. et al. Antifungal activity of propolis against Candida species isolated from cases of chronic periodontitis. Braz Oral Res 2015; 29: 29
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 72 Bezerra AMF, Farias MCAD, Bezerra KK. et al. Red propolis antifungal action on species of Candida of the oral cavity. Int Arch Med 2015; 8: 1-9
    Google Scholar
  • 73 Pippi B, Lana AJ, Moraes RC. et al. In vitro evaluation of the acquisition of resistance, antifungal activity and synergism of Brazilian red propolis with antifungal drugs on Candida spp. J Appl Microbiol 2015; 118 (04) 839-850
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 74 Freires IA, Queiroz VCPP, Furletti VF. et al. Chemical composition and antifungal potential of Brazilian propolis against Candida spp. J Mycol Med 2016; 26 (02) 122-132
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 75 Ribeiro DR, Alves AV, dos Santos EP. et al. Inhibition of DMBA-induced oral squamous cells carcinoma growth by Brazilian red propolis in rodent model. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2015; 117 (02) 85-95
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 76 Miranda SLF, Damasceno JT, Faveri M. et al. Brazilian red propolis reduces orange-complex periodontopathogens growing in multispecies biofilms. Biofouling 2019; 35 (03) 308-319
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 77 Alencar SM, Oldoni TL, Castro ML. et al. Chemical composition and biological activity of a new type of Brazilian propolis: red propolis. J Ethnopharmacol 2007; 113 (02) 278-283
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 78 Chen CL, Parolia A, Pau A. Celerino de Moraes Porto IC. Comparative evaluation of the effectiveness of desensitizing agents in dentine tubule occlusion using scanning electron microscopy. Aust Dent J 2015; 60 (01) 65-72
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 79 da Silva JLDC, Silva FF, de Souza TFM. et al. Synergic effect of associated green, red and brown Brazilian propolis extract onto Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sanguinis. . Afr J Pharm Pharmacol 2013; 7: 2006-2010
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar