Appl Clin Inform 2020; 11(02): 218-225
DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1705107
Research Article
Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Design, Implementation, and Validation of a Pediatric ICU Sepsis Prediction Tool as Clinical Decision Support

Maya Dewan
1   Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
2   Division of Critical Care Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
3   Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
,
Rhea Vidrine
1   Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
2   Division of Critical Care Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
,
Matthew Zackoff
1   Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
2   Division of Critical Care Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
,
Zachary Paff
2   Division of Critical Care Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
,
Brandy Seger
2   Division of Critical Care Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
,
Stephen Pfeiffer
4   Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri, United States
,
Philip Hagedorn
1   Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
3   Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
5   Division of Hospital Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
,
Erika L. Stalets
1   Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
2   Division of Critical Care Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
› Author Affiliations
Funding None.
Further Information

Publication History

02 November 2019

22 January 2020

Publication Date:
25 March 2020 (online)

Abstract

Background Sepsis is an uncontrolled inflammatory reaction caused by infection. Clinicians in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) developed a paper-based tool to identify patients at risk of sepsis. To improve the utilization of the tool, the PICU team integrated the paper-based tool as a real-time clinical decision support (CDS) intervention in the electronic health record (EHR).

Objective This study aimed to improve identification of PICU patients with sepsis through an automated EHR-based CDS intervention.

Methods A prospective cohort study of all patients admitted to the PICU from May 2017 to May 2019. A CDS intervention was implemented in May 2018. The CDS intervention screened patients for nonspecific sepsis criteria, temperature dysregulation and a blood culture within 6 hours. Following the screening, an interruptive alert prompted nursing staff to complete a perfusion screen to assess for clinical signs of sepsis. The primary alert performance outcomes included sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive value. The secondary clinical outcome was completion of sepsis management tasks.

Results During the 1-year post implementation period, there were 45.0 sepsis events per 1,000 patient days over 10,805 patient days. The sepsis alert identified 392 of the 436 sepsis episodes accurately with sensitivity of 92.5%, specificity of 95.6%, positive predictive value of 46.0%, and negative predictive value of 99.7%. Examining only patients with severe sepsis confirmed by chart review, test characteristics fell to a sensitivity of 73.3%, a specificity of 92.5%. Prior to the initiation of the alert, 18.6% (13/70) of severe sepsis patients received recommended sepsis interventions. Following the implementation, 34% (27/80) received these interventions in the time recommended, p = 0.04.

Conclusion An EHR CDS intervention demonstrated strong performance characteristics and improved completion of recommended sepsis interventions.

Protection of Human and Animal Subjects

The purpose of this work was to measure and improve the quality of existing care practices so per our institutional review board's (IRB's) existing guidance regarding projects of this nature, it did not require review via the IRB.


Supplementary Material

 
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