Mechanisms of Action of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Tissue Repair Regeneration and their Implications

Manisha Singh; Suchi Gupta; Sonali Rawat; Swati Midha; Krishan Gopal Jain; Manu Dalela; Sujata Mohanty

doi:10.1055/s-0040-1712752

Annals of the National Academy of Medical Sciences (India), Inhaltsverzeichnis

CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Ann Natl Acad Med Sci 2017; 53(02): 104-120
DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1712752

Original Article

Mechanisms of Action of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Tissue Repair Regeneration and their Implications

Autor*innen

Manisha Singh

Stem Cell Facility (DBT- Centre of Excellence for Stem Cell Research), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi
Suchi Gupta

Stem Cell Facility (DBT- Centre of Excellence for Stem Cell Research), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi
Sonali Rawat

Stem Cell Facility (DBT- Centre of Excellence for Stem Cell Research), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi
Swati Midha

Stem Cell Facility (DBT- Centre of Excellence for Stem Cell Research), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi
Krishan Gopal Jain

Stem Cell Facility (DBT- Centre of Excellence for Stem Cell Research), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi
Manu Dalela

Stem Cell Facility (DBT- Centre of Excellence for Stem Cell Research), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi
Sujata Mohanty

Stem Cell Facility (DBT- Centre of Excellence for Stem Cell Research), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi

Abstract

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ABSTRACT

Cell replacement therapy holds a promising future in the treatment of degenerative diseases related to neuronal, cardiac and bone tissues. In such kind of diseases, there is a progressive loss of speciﬁc types of cells. Currently the most upcoming and trusted cell candidate is Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) as these cells are easy to isolate from the tissue, easy to maintain and expand and no ethical concerns are linked. MSCs can be obtained from a number of sources like bone marrow, umbilical cord blood, umbilical cord, dental pulp, adipose tissues, etc. MSCs help in tissue repair and regeneration by various mechanisms of action like cell differentiation, immunomodulation, paracrine effect, etc. The future of regenerative medicine lies in tissue engineering and exploiting various properties to yield maximum output. In the current review article, we have targeted the repair and regeneration mechanisms of MSCs in neurodegenerative diseases, cardiac diseases and those related to bones. Yet there is a lot to understand, discover and then understand again about the molecular mechanisms of MSCs and then applying this knowledge in developing the therapy to get maximum repair and regeneration of concerned tissue and in turn the recovery of the patient.

Keywords

Differentiation - immunomodulation - exosomes - tissue engineering

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Referenzen

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