PDF herunterladen
CC BY 4.0 · VCOT Open 2020; 03(02): e170-e176
DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1721030
Case Report

Occipitoatlantoaxial Malformation in a Dog Treated with a Custom-Made Implant

Carina Rotter
1   Department of Neurosurgery and Orthopaedics, Fitzpatrick Referrals Ltd, Eashing, Godalming, United Kingdom
,
Clare Rusbridge
1   Department of Neurosurgery and Orthopaedics, Fitzpatrick Referrals Ltd, Eashing, Godalming, United Kingdom
2   School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
,
Noel Fitzpatrick
1   Department of Neurosurgery and Orthopaedics, Fitzpatrick Referrals Ltd, Eashing, Godalming, United Kingdom
› Institutsangaben Funding Fitzpatrick Referrals Ltd. provided support in the form of salaries and materials for the authors. No third-party funding or support was received.
› Weitere Informationen
   Lizenzen und Reprints

Abstract

Background Occipitoatlantoaxial malformation (OAAM) is reported rarely in dogs and few treatment options are described. The congenital condition is thought to be associated with a proatlas re-segmentation failure resulting in malformation and malalignment of the craniovertebral junction which can result in C1 to 5 myelopathic signs.

Methods Customized three-dimensional printed locking plate with trajectory screw implantation points for the stabilization of the atlantoaxial joint in a dog with OAAM. The dog was evaluated at time points 0, 2, 6 and 9 months to determine clinical outcome, degree of fusion, implant positioning and subsidence.

Results New bone formation was noted 9 months after surgery, but complete fusion remained absent, although no implant failure occurred. Clinically, the dog made a good recovery and was able to exercise normally 9 months after surgery. The only residual deficit was a subtle left-sided cervical torticollis.

Clinical Significance This report illustrates a management option and outcome of a dog treated with OAAM. Collaboration between clinicians and engineers provides a new dimension of care for patients with vertebral malformations.

Keywords

three-dimensional printed locking plate - patient-specific implant design - cervical vertebral malformation - canine occipitoatlantoaxial malformation

Authors' Contributions

All authors contributed to the concept of the study. C. Rotter was responsible for the acquisition of data. Data analysis and interpretation was performed by C. Rotter and N.F. All authors drafted, revised and approved of the submitted manuscript.


Note

Preliminary results were presented as a poster and abstract at the annual congress of the European Society of Veterinary Neurology/European College of Veterinary Neurology (ESVN-ECVN), Wroclaw, Poland, 13–14 September 2019.




Publikationsverlauf

Eingereicht: 14. April 2020

Angenommen: 01. Oktober 2020

Artikel online veröffentlicht:
23. November 2020

© 2020. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, permitting unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction so long as the original work is properly cited. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany

 

  • References

  • 1 Bailey CS, Morgan JP. Congenital spinal malformations. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 1992; 22 (04) 985-1015
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 2 Electricwala AJ, Harsule A, Chavan V, Electricwala JT. Complete atlantooccipital assimilation with basilar invagination and atlantoaxial subluxation treated non-surgically: a case report. Cureus 2017; 9 (06) e1327 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.1327.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 3 Gunji M, Kawada S. A case of congenital occipitoatlantoaxial malformation in a wild Japanese Serow (Capricornis crispus). Bull Natl Mus Nat Sci Ser A 2019; 45 (01) 31-33
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 4 Jaggy A, Hutto VL, Roberts RE, Oliver JE. Occipitoatlantoaxial malformation with atlantoaxial subluxation in a cat. J Small Anim Pract 1991; 32 (07) 366-372
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 5 Seva JI, Gómez S, Pallarés FJ, Sánchez P, Bernabé A. Occipitoatlantoaxial malformation in an adult goat. J Vet Diagn Invest 2008; 20 (05) 654-656
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 6 Watson AG, de Lahunta A, Evans HE. Morphology and embryological interpretation of a congenital occipito-atlanto-axial malformation in a dog. Teratology 1988; 38 (05) 451-459
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 7 Galban EM, Gilley RS, Long SN. Surgical stabilization of an occipitoatlantoaxial malformation in an adult dog. Vet Surg 2010; 39 (08) 1001-1004
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 8 Read R, Brett S, Cahill J. Axial malformation in the dog. Aust Vet Pract 1987; 17 (04) 184-189
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 9 Mayhew J. Congenital, genetic, and familial disorders. In: Large Animal Neurology. 2nd edition.. Chichester, UK: Wiley-Blackwell; 2009: 199-200
    Google Scholar
  • 10 Sakamoto K, Kiupel M, Frank N, March PA. Vertebral malformation, syringomyelia, and ventricular septal defect in a dromedary camel (Camelius dromedarius). J Vet Diagn Invest 2004; 16 (04) 337-340
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 11 Petite A, McConnell F, De Stefani A, McKee M, Dennis R. Congenital occipito-atlanto-axial malformation in five dogs. In: Abstracts from the Annual Conference of the European Association of Veterinary Diagnostic Imaging; 2009;50(1): 111-129
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 12 Menezes AH. Craniocervical developmental anatomy and its implications. Childs Nerv Syst 2008; 24 (10) 1109-1122
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 13 Graham F, Rusbridge C. eds. Developmental anatomy. In: Syringomyelia—A Disorder of CSF Circulation. 1st edition.. Berlin, Germany: Springer-Verlag; 2014: 54-60
    Google Scholar
  • 14 Menezes AH, Fenoy KA. Remnants of occipital vertebrae: proatlas segmentation abnormalities. Neurosurgery 2009; 64 (05) 945-953 , discussion 954
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 15 Klimo Jr P, Kan P, Rao G, Apfelbaum R, Brockmeyer D. Os odontoideum: presentation, diagnosis, and treatment in a series of 78 patients. J Neurosurg Spine 2008; 9 (04) 332-342
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 16 Zhang Z, Wang H, Liu C. Acute traumatic cervical cord injury in pediatric patients with os odontoideum: a series of 6 patients. World Neurosurg 2015; 83 (06) 1180.e1-1180.e6
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 17 Franch J, Lopez C. Atlas der chirurgischen Zugaenge - Hund und Katze. 2nd edition.. Amsterdam, the Netherlands: Elsevier; 2010: 126-130
    Google Scholar
  • 18 Shores A, Brisson BA. Current Techniques in Canine and Feline Neurosurgery. 1st edition.. Hoboken, NJ: Blackwell; 2017: 450-451
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 19 Oda I, Abumi K, Sell LC, Haggerty CJ, Cunningham BW, McAfee PC. Biomechanical evaluation of five different occipito-atlanto-axial fixation techniques. Spine 1999; 24 (22) 2377-2382
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 20 Bierdrzycki AH. Dynamic compression vs. locking plating - Is one “better”?. A review of biomechanical principles and in vitro testing. In: Barnhart MD, Maritato KC. eds. Locking Plates and Implants in Veterinary Orthopedics. Hoboken, NJ: 2019: 29-33
    Google Scholar
  • 21 Rossmeisl Jr JH, White C, Pancotto TE, Bays A, Henao-Guerrero PN. Acute adverse events associated with ventral slot decompression in 546 dogs with cervical intervertebral disc disease. Vet Surg 2013; 42 (07) 795-806
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 22 Boydell P. Horner's syndrome following cervical spinal surgery in the dog. J Small Anim Pract 1995; 36 (11) 510-512
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 23 Traynelis VC, Malone HR, Smith ZA. et al. Rare complications of cervical spine surgery: Horner's Syndrome. Global Spine J 2017; 7 (1, Suppl): 103S-108S
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar