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CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Indian Journal of Neurosurgery 2022; 11(02): 153-158
DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1726814
Original Article

A Prospective Study and Analysis of Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt Surgery: Their Indication and Complication in a Single Tertiary Care Center

Barnava Pal
1   Department of Anesthesia, Jagannath Gupta Institute of Medical Sciences, Budge Budge, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
,
Sambuddha Dhar
2   Department of Neurosurgery, IMS-BHU, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
,
Anurag Sahu
2   Department of Neurosurgery, IMS-BHU, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
,
Sumita Kumari
3   Department of Anesthesiology, IMS-BHU, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
,
Kulwant Singh
2   Department of Neurosurgery, IMS-BHU, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
,
Kamalpreet Kaur Bhaikhel
4   Junior Resident, IMS-BHU, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
,
Shrish Nalin
5   Department of Neurosurgery, Dr. RPGMC, Kangra, Himachal Pradesh, India
,
Ashvamedh Singh
2   Department of Neurosurgery, IMS-BHU, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
,
Rahul Singh
2   Department of Neurosurgery, IMS-BHU, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
› Author Affiliations Funding None.
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Abstract

Background Ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt insertion is routinely performed for the treatment of hydrocephalus due to different indications like congenital, infective, tumor, posttraumatic, and normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH). A lot of common and rare complications following this procedure have been reported.

Objectives To analyze the clinical profile, indications, anesthetic, and postoperative complications for VP shunt surgery in our center.

Materials and Methods This prospective clinical review study was conducted in the Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, between October 2018 to January 2020 and included 454 cases of hydrocephalus who underwent VP shunt surgery. The data was compiled and analyzed.

Results A total of 454 patients with male predominance were studied. Pediatric and adolescent patients were 48.9% (222/454). Obstructive hydrocephalus due to tumors was the etiology of 48.7% (221/454) cases. The incidence of overall shunt complications was 9.7% (44/454), of which obstruction and infection was 5.9% (27/454) and 3.1% (14/454), respectively. Factors associated with increased shunt complications include redo and infective etiology and cases having higher protein in perioperative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis. Neuronavigation, antibiotic-impregnated shunt and biventricular shunt are associated with lower complications.

Conclusion Obstructive hydrocephalus due to tumors happened to be the most common cause of VP shunt, and shunt obstruction is most common complication, especially in infective and redo cases.

Keywords

ventriculoperitoneal shunt - hydrocephalus - shunt complications


Publication History

Article published online:
13 May 2021

© 2021. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial-License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

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