Abstract
Objectives The aim of this study was to describe hemiepiphysiodesis for the treatment of distal
femoral valgus in immature dogs and to evaluate its effect on the anatomical lateral
distal femoral angle (aLDFA).
Methods Skeletally immature dogs with distal femoral valgus deformities that had undergone
hemiepiphysiodesis between November 2012 and March 2020 at two private veterinary
practices were included. Criteria for inclusion in the study were a preoperative aLDFA
below the previously published reference range (94 ± 3.3 degrees) and radiographs
of the femur taken preoperatively and at growth plate closure.
Results A total of 11 dogs fulfilled the inclusion criteria, and a total of 17 limbs were
treated. The mean aLDFA was 82.1 ± 3.2 degrees (range: 76–87 degrees) preoperatively
and 93.1 ± 5 degrees (range: 76–99 degrees) at the final re-evaluation. The mean difference
between the preoperative and final aLDFA was +11 degrees, which was significant. Undercorrection
occurred in 2/17 cases, whereas overcorrection was not recorded. The implants were
removed in 12/17 cases, and rebound growth occurred in 3 of these.
Clinical Significance Hemiepiphysiodesis for the treatment of distal femoral valgus is a technique that
allows for increase in aLDFA and should be considered as an early treatment in affected
immature dogs. Monitoring for possible overcorrection using serial radiography is
important. Implant removal when the desired aLDFA has been achieved is recommended
because the incidence of rebound growth is uncommon in dogs.
Keywords
angular limb deformity - hemiepiphysiodesis - dog - femoral valgus - patellar luxation
