Presión y área de contacto en reparación de manguito rotador: una revisión sistemática^[*]

Resumen

Objetivo Proporcionar una sinopsis exhaustiva y un análisis de los estudios biomecánicos sobre la magnitud y distribución de la presión en la interfase tendón-huella de las roturas del manguito rotador, informadas en la literatura en los últimos cinco años.

Métodos La investigación se realizó de acuerdo con los métodos descritos en el Manual Cochrane. Los resultados se informan de acuerdo con el consenso de Ítems Preferidos de Reporte en Revisiones Sistemáticas y Metaanálisis (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses, PRISMA, en inglés). La búsqueda se realizó el 1^er de junio de 2020. Se identificaron e incluyeron estudios ex vivo de ciencia básica y estudios biomecánicos publicados, que evaluaran la magnitud y distribución de la presión en la interfase tendón-huella de las roturas del manguito rotador reparadas entre enero de 2015 y junio de 2020. Se realizaron búsquedas sistemáticas en las bases de datos MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus y Google Scholar utilizando los términos y operadores booleanos: (Rotator Cuff OR Supraspinatus OR Infraspinatus OR Subscapularis OR Teres Minor) AND Pressure AND Footprint. En la base de datos Embase, respetando su sintaxis, se utilizó: Rotator Cuff AND Pressure AND Footprint.

Resultados Un total de 15 de los 87 artículos encontrados cumplieron con todos los criterios de elegibilidad y se incluyeron en el análisis.

Conclusión La presión y área de contacto sería optimizada biomecánicamente con una reparación transósea de doble fila equivalente, sin nudos en la hilera medial, y con el uso de cintas para su ejecución, conceptos de reparación específica para roturas delaminadas, y limitación de la abducción en el postoperatorio inmediato.

Palabras Claves

manguito de los rotadores - presión - sutura - técnicas de sutura - traumatismos de los tendones - tendones

^* Trabajo realizado en el Instituto Traumatológico, Santiago, Chile.

Publication History

Received: 28 June 2020

Accepted: 06 August 2021

Article published online:
22 December 2021

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