Aktuelle Erkenntnisse zur Eigenfett Transplantation anhand der neuen Leitlinie „Autologe Fetttransplantation“

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund: Die autologe Fetttransplantation ist eine in letzter Zeit zunehmend verbreitete operative Prozedur und umfasst die Entnahme, Bearbeitung und Transplantation von Fettgewebe sowie die fachgerechte Nachsorge. Dieser operative Eingriff ist ein Verfahren, das sowohl nach traumatischem, krankheits- oder altersbedingtem Volumenverlust der Weichteile als auch zur Weichteilaugmentation eingesetzt werden kann. Aufgrund der zunehmenden Anwendung aber noch bisher wenig definierten Variablen in der Fettgewinnung, Indikationsstellung und Art der Transplantation in der rekonstruktiven und ästhetischen Chirurgie besteht ein großes Interesse an der Entwicklung einer Leitlinie.

Methodik: In einer Konsensuskonferenz im Rahmen eines nominalen Gruppenprozesses der anwendenden Fachgesellschaften wurden alle im Delphi-Verfahren strittigen Punkte diskutiert und mit starken Konsens (>95%) beschlossen. Die Literatur der letzten 10 Jahre in den gängigen medizinischen Informationsportalen und Datenbanken wurde abgefragt, studiert und unter Berücksichtigung auch wichtiger älterer Arbeiten entscheidende Aussagen der Leitlinie belegt.

Ergebnisse: Unter Einschluss aller relevanten Fachgesellschaften wurden hinsichtlich nachfolgender Punkte konsensbasierte Empfehlungen in Form dieser Leitlinie formuliert. 1. Definition, 2. Indikation/Kontraindikation, 3. Präoperative Maßnahmen, 4. Entnahmetechniken, 5. Bearbeitungstechniken, 6. Transplantation, 7. Nachsorge, 8. Aufbewahrung und Lagerung, 9. Effizienz, 10. Dokumentation, 11. Bewertung der Sicherheit.

Zusammenfassung: Klare Indikationsstellung und fachliche Expertise sind Grundvoraussetzung um die autologe Fetttransplantation durchzuführen. Der Erfolg dieses operativen Eingriffs ist abhängig vom Einsatz der richtigen Methoden sowie der speziellen Instrumente und Materialen. Aufgrund der niedrigen Rate an postoperativen Komplikationen und Spätfolgen ist die autologe Fetttransplantation als sicheres Verfahren in der rekonstruktiven und ästhetischen Medizin anzusehen.

Teile dieses Artikels sind wörtlich aus der Leitlinie entnommen [1]

Abstract

Introduction: Autologous fat transfer has recently become an increasingly popular surgical procedure and comprises harvesting, processing and transplantation of adipose tissue, as well as professional follow-up care. This method, as a surgical procedure, can be utilised for trauma-, disease- or age-related soft tissue volume deficits and soft tissue augmentation. As usage is increasing, but the variables of fat harvest, specific indications and fashion of fat transfer are poorly defined, there is a great demand for development of a guideline in the field of reconstructive and aesthetic surgery.

Methods: All relevant points were discussed within the scope of a consensus conference including a nominal group process of all societies involved in the procedure and ratified with a strong consensus (>95%). Literature from the standard medical databases over the last 10 years was retrieved, studied and specific guidelines were concluded.

Results: Consensus was achieved among all professionals involved on the following points: 1. definition 2. indication/contraindication, 3. preoperative measures 4. donor sites 5. techniques of processing 6. transplantation 7. follow-up care 8. storage 9. efficacy 10. documentation 11. evaluation of patient safety.

Conclusion: Definite indications and professional expertise are paramount for autologous fat tissue transfer. Successful transfers are based on the use of correct methods as well as specific instruments and materials. Autologous adipose tissue transplantation is considered to be a safe procedure in reconstructive and aesthetic surgery, due to the low rate of postoperative complications and sequelae.

Schlüsselwörter

Eigenfett Transplantation - Leitlinie - DGPRÄC - Neue Erkenntnisse

Key words

Fat Grafting - Guideline - German Society of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery - New Insights

^* Leitlinienkoordination: Prof. Dr. Hans-Oliver Rennekampff, Leverkusen, Steuergruppe (DGPRÄC): Prof. Dr. Riccardo Giunta, München Prof. Dr. Dennis von Heimburg, Frankfurt Prof. Dr. Ulrich Kneser, Ludwigshafen Dr. Florian Lampert, Freiburg Prof. Dr. Hans-Günther Machens, München Prof. Dr. Norbert Pallua, Aachen Prof. Dr. Lukas Prantl, Regensburg Dr. Klaus Ueberreiter, Birkenwerder Prof. Dr. Peter M. Vogt, HannoverAutoren: Prof. Dr. Riccardo Giunta, München Prof. Dr. Yves Harder, Viganello Prof. Dr. Dennis von Heimburg, Frankfurt Dr. Norbert Heine, Regensburg Priv.-Doz. Christian Herold, Hameln Prof. Dr. Ulrich Kneser, Ludwigshafen Dr. Florian Lampert, Freiburg Prof. Dr. Hans-Günther Machens, München Priv.-Doz. Dr. Dr. Ursula Mirastschijski, Bremen Priv.-Doz. Dr. Daniel-Felix Müller,München Prof. Dr. Lukas Prantl, Regensburg Dr. Jan-Thorsten Schantz, München Dr. Alexander Schönborn, Potsdam Dr. Klaus Ueberreiter, Birkenwerder Dr. Christian Witzel, Berlin

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