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CC BY 4.0 · Glob Med Genet 2022; 09(02): 090-096
DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1743567
Review Article

Genetic Variants and Drug Efficacy in Tuberculosis: A Step toward Personalized Therapy

Almas Khan
1   Department of Personalized and Molecular Medicine, Era University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
,
Mohammad Abbas
1   Department of Personalized and Molecular Medicine, Era University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
,
Sushma Verma
1   Department of Personalized and Molecular Medicine, Era University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
,
Shrikant Verma
1   Department of Personalized and Molecular Medicine, Era University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
,
Aliya Abbas Rizvi
1   Department of Personalized and Molecular Medicine, Era University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
,
Fareya Haider
3   Department of Microbiology, Era's Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
,
Syed Tasleem Raza
2   Department of Biochemistry, Era's Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
,
Farzana Mahdi
1   Department of Personalized and Molecular Medicine, Era University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
› Author Affiliations
Funding None.
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Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) continues to be a major infectious disease affecting individuals worldwide. Current TB treatment strategy recommends the standard short-course chemotherapy regimen containing first-line drug, i.e., isoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol to treat patients suffering from drug-susceptible TB. Although Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causing agent, is susceptible to drugs, some patients do not respond to the treatment or treatment may result in serious adverse reactions. Many studies revealed that anti-TB drug-related toxicity is associated with genetic variations, and these variations may also influence attaining maximum drug concentration. Thus, inter-individual diversities play a characteristic role by influencing the genes involved in drug metabolism pathways. The development of pharmacogenomics could bring a revolution in the field of treatment, and the understanding of germline variants may give rise to optimized targeted treatments and refine the response to standard therapy. In this review, we briefly introduced the field of pharmacogenomics with the evolution in genetics and discussed the pharmacogenetic impact of genetic variations on genes involved in the activities, such as anti-TB drug transportation, metabolism, and gene regulation.

Keywords

mycobacterium tuberculosis - germline variants - anti-TB drug-related toxicity - pharmacogenomics - personalized medicine


Publication History

Received: 22 December 2021

Accepted: 21 January 2022

Article published online:
25 February 2022

© 2022. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, permitting unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction so long as the original work is properly cited. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

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