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CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU 2023; 13(01): 064-072
DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1748633
Original Article

Gender Determination by Measuring Maxillary Sinus Volume Using Computed Tomography

Sashisaroj Tarkeshwar Tiwari
1   Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging, K.S. Hegde Medical Academy, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
,
Shrikrishna U.
1   Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging, K.S. Hegde Medical Academy, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
,
Jaseemudheen MM 
2   Department of Medical Imaging Technology, K.S. Hegde Medical Academy, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
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Abstract

Rationale and Objectives Skeleton analysis based on age and gender is of great importance since it is an initial step in personal identification and can be used to rebuild biological profiles and narrow down diagnosis toward correct possibilities of any unknown skeletons. Different dimensions of the maxillary sinus (MS) can be used to differentiate between gender. This study aims to evaluate and compare the dimensions and volume of MS among age and genders.

Materials and Methods Ninety patients (male 49, female 41) were studied. Different dimensions of MS, like anteroposterior (AP), superioinferior (SI), mediolateral (ML) diameter, volume of MS, and the distance between two MS were measured on computed tomography (CT) paranasal sinus images using an inbuilt electronic caliper on Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine viewer software.

Statistical Analysis Independent t-test and analysis of variance were used for data analysis in genders and age groups. Paired t-test was used for comparison of right and left MS.

Results The dimensions and volume of MS were higher in males than females. Dimensions such as AP, SI diameter (p < 0.005), and volume of MS (p < 0.001) were significantly different in genders. The ML diameter and the distance between two MS were statistically insignificant in genders. No significant difference between MS dimensions and volume was noted in different age groups, but age group 3 (41–55 years) showed higher mean values for all the measurements. A consistency was noted in the measurements in both two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) images.

Conclusion MS dimensions are greater in males compared with females. The different dimensions and volumes of the MS using 2D or 3D CT scan images can be used along with other methods for gender determination in forensic anthropology.

Keywords

forensic anthropology - maxillary sinus - paranasal sinus


Publication History

Article published online:
29 May 2022

© 2022. Nitte (Deemed to be University). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

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