Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneurophaty: assessment of the cognitive function and quality of life

Abstract

Background Studies were carried out with the objective of evaluating the quality of life (QoL) of patients affected by chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculopathy (CIDP). However, the cognitive issue is still little addressed.

Objectives To assess the QoL and cognitive impairment of patients with CIDP and to analyze whether there is a correlation between these parameters.

Methods Seven patients with CIDP and seven paired controls were subjected to: mini-mental state examination (MMSE); Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA); digit symbol replacement/symbol copy test (DSST); fatigue severity scale (FSS); Beck depressive inventory-I (BDI-I), and a short-form of health survey (SF-36).

Results The mean age of the participants was 50 years (71.4% male). The MMSE and MoCA had no statistical difference between the groups. Patients showed superior results in the memory domain in the MoCA (5 vs. 2, p = 0.013). In the DSST, we observed a tendency for patients to be slower. There was a strong negative correlation between fatigue levels and vitality domain (SF-36). There was no significant correlation between depression levels and QoL, and there was no correlation between depression and the results obtained in the cognitive tests. The patients presented higher levels of depression (15.28 vs. 3.42, p < 0.001). A total of 57% had severe fatigue, 28.8% self-reported pain, and 57.1% complained of cramps.

Conclusion There was no cognitive impairment in these patients. However, there was a tendency of slower processing speed. To better evaluate the alterations found, a study with a larger number of individuals would be necessary. Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculopathy affects the QoL of patients in different ways.

Resumo

Antecedentes Estudos foram realizados com o objetivo de avaliar a qualidade de vida (QV) de pacientes acometidos pela polirradiculopatia desmielinizante inflamatória crônica (PDIC). No entanto, a questão cognitiva ainda é pouco abordada.

Objetivos Avaliar a QV e o comprometimento cognitivo em pacientes com PDIC bem como se existe correlação entre esses parâmetros.

Métodos Sete pacientes com PDIC e sete controles pareados foram submetidos a: miniexame do estado mental (MEEM); avaliação cognitiva de Montreal (MoCA); teste de substituição de símbolo de dígito/cópia de símbolo (DSST); escala de gravidade da fadiga (FSS); Beck depressive inventory-I (BDI-I) e um short-form of health survey (SF-36).

Resultados A média de idade dos pacientes foi de 50 anos (71,4% do sexo masculino). O MMSE e o MoCA não apresentaram diferença estatística entre os grupos. Os pacientes apresentaram resultados superiores no domínio memória do MoCA (5 vs. 2, p = 0,013). No DSST, observamos uma tendência de os pacientes serem mais lentos. Houve forte correlação negativa entre os níveis de fadiga e o domínio vitalidade (SF-36). Não houve correlação significativa entre níveis de depressão e QV. Não houve correlação entre depressão e os resultados obtidos nos testes cognitivos. Níveis elevados de depressão foram observados nos pacientes (15,28 vs. 3,42, p < 0,001). Um total de 57% apresentou fadiga intensa, 28,8% dor autorreferida, e 57,1% queixam-se de câimbras.

Conclusão Não há comprometimento cognitivo nos pacientes estudados. Observamos somente uma tendência de lentificação na velocidade de processamento. Para melhor avaliar as alterações encontradas, será necessário estudo com um número maior de indivíduos. A PDIC afeta de diferentes formas o nível de QV de seus portadores.

Keywords

Polyradiculoneuropathy, Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating - Cognitive Dysfunction - Quality of Life - Fatigue - Chronic Disease

Palavras-chave

Polirradiculoneuropatia Desmielinizante Inflamatória Crônica - Disfunção Cognitiva - Qualidade de Vida - Fadiga - Doença Crônica

Authors' Contributions

LKW: performed literature search review, neurological evaluation, data collection and extraction, data interpretation, and draft of the manuscript; CP: reviewed the concept and design of the study and reviewed the manuscript; OJMN: reviewed the concept and design of the study and reviewed the manuscript.

Publication History

Received: 04 January 2022

Accepted: 14 April 2022

Article published online:
29 December 2022

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