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Psychother Psychosom Med Psychol 2017; 67(05): 203-211
DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-101680
Originalarbeit
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Posttraumatische Reifung nach berufsbezogener Traumatisierung bei Einsatzkräften

Die vermittelnde Rolle der sozio-interpersonellen Faktoren Disclosure und Co-RuminationPosttraumatic Growth after Profession-Related Traumatization in Rescue WorkersThe Role of Socio-Interpersonal Factors Disclosure and Co-Rumination
Anna Krutolewitsch
1   Gomel'skij gosudarstvennyj universitet imeni Franciska Skoriny
2   Institut für Psychologie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster
,
Andrea B. Horn
3   Psychopathologie und Klinische Intervention, Universitärer Forschungsschwerpunkt „Dynamik Gesunden Alterns“, Universität Zürich, Schweiz
› Author Affiliations
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Publication History

eingereicht 01 March 2016

akzeptiert 21 December 2016

Publication Date:
10 May 2017 (online)

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Zusammenfassung

Einsatzkräfte des medizinischen Rettungsdienstes und der Berufsfeuerwehr sind häufig intensiv mit Details von traumatischen Erlebnissen anderer konfrontiert. Dies kann zur Entwicklung einer sekundären Traumatisierung führen, die mit einer der primären Traumatisierung ähnelnden Symptomatik einhergeht. Andererseits sehen einige der Einsatzkräfte in ihrem Routinedienst auch eine Quelle für eine posttraumatische persönliche Reifung. Sozio-interpersonelle Prozesse, die unterschiedliche Facetten des Disclosures negativer Erfahrungen vor anderen abbilden, könnten hierbei möglicherweise eine vermittelnde Rolle spielen. Das Ziel dieser Studie ist es, den Zusammenhang zwischen Symptomen einer sekundären Posttraumatischen Belastungsstörung (PTBS) und posttraumatischen Reifung und die vermittelnde Rolle sozio-interpersoneller Variablen in einer Stichprobe von weißrussischen Einsatzkräften zu untersuchen. In einer Querschnittserhebung wurden Fragebögen zur posttraumatischen Reifung und sekundären Traumatisierung von N=168 Einsatzkräften beantwortet. Posttraumatische Reifung war positiv mit dem von den Einsatzkräften berichteten Ausmaß an sekundärer PTBS-Symptomatik assoziiert. Zugleich zeigten dysfunktionale Muster im Zusammenhang mit traumabezogenen Disclosure, und die generelle Neigung, sich repetitiv über negative Inhalte mit Kollegen auszutauschen (Co-Rumination), positive Zusammenhänge mit Posttraumatischer Reifung. Mediatoranalysen weisen auf eine vermittelnde Funktion dieser sozio-interpersonellen Prozesse für den Zusammenhang zwischen Traumatisierungssymptomen und Reifung hin. Insgesamt sprechen die Befunde für eine zentrale Rolle sozio-interpersoneller Prozesse bei der Verarbeitung von traumatischen Ereignissen von Einsatzkräften. Dies mag ein Hinweis sein, dass sekundäre PTBS-Symptomatik zu sozialen Austauschsprozessen führen kann, die förderlich für posttraumatischer Reifung sind.

Abstract

This study aims to explore the association between self-reported secondary traumatization and personal growth in a sample of Belarusians rescue workers, focusing on the mediating role of 2 socio-interpersonal processes (disclosure and co-rumination). In a cross-sectional survey, self-reported posttraumatic growth and secondary traumatization were assessed in a sample of 168 rescue workers. Posttraumatic growth was positively linked to the extent of secondary traumatization, likewise disclosure and co-rumination were positively linked to posttraumatic growth. Mediation analyses revealed that the association between secondary traumatization and posttraumatic personal growth was mediated by disclosure and co-rumination. The results thus are in favor of a socio-interpersonal perspective on posttraumatic adjustment.

Schlüsselwörter

posttraumatische Reifung - Disclosure - Co-Rumination - sekundäre Traumatisierung - erlebte soziale Wertschätzung

Keywords

posttraumatic growth - disclosure - co-rumination - secondary traumatisation - social acknowledgement
 

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