Rofo 2017; 189(06): 537-543
DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-102941
Musculoskeletal System
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Influence of Contrast Media on Bone Mineral Density (BMD) Measurements from Routine Contrast-Enhanced MDCT Datasets using a Phantom-less BMD Measurement Tool

Einfluss der intravenösen Kontrastmittelgabe auf phantomlose Knochendichtemessungen im Routine-MDCT
Andrea Toelly
1   Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
,
Constanze Bardach
1   Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
,
Michael Weber
1   Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
,
Rui Gong
2   Department of Radiology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
,
Yanbo Lai
2   Department of Radiology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
,
Pei Wang
2   Department of Radiology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
,
Yulin Guo
2   Department of Radiology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
,
Jan Kirschke
3   Department of Neuroradiology, Technical University Munich, Germany
,
Thomas Baum
4   Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Technical University Munich, Germany
,
Michael Gruber
1   Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

02 November 2016

21 January 2017

Publication Date:
26 April 2017 (online)

Abstract

Aim To evaluate the differences in phantom-less bone mineral density (BMD) measurements in contrast-enhanced routine MDCT scans at different contrast phases, and to develop an algorithm for calculating a reliable BMD value.

Materials and Methods 112 postmenopausal women from the age of 40 to 77 years (mean age: 57.31 years; SD 9.61) who underwent a clinically indicated MDCT scan, consisting of an unenhanced, an arterial, and a venous phase, were included. A retrospective analysis of the BMD values of the Th12 to L4 vertebrae in each phase was performed using a commercially available phantom-less measurement tool.

Results The mean BMD value in the unenhanced MDCT scans was 79.76 mg/cm³ (SD 31.20), in the arterial phase it was 85.09 mg/cm³ (SD 31.61), and in the venous phase it was 86.18 mg/cm³ (SD 31.30). A significant difference (p < 0.001) was found between BMD values on unenhanced and contrast-enhanced MDCT scans. There was no significant difference between BMD values in the arterial and venous phases (p = 0.228). The following conversion formulas were calculated using linear regression: unenhanced BMD = -2.287 + 0.964 * [arterial BMD value] and -4.517 + 0.978 * [venous BMD value]. The intrarater agreement of BMD measurements was calculated with an intraclass correlation (ICC) of 0.984 and the interobserver reliability was calculated with an ICC of 0.991.

Conclusion Phantom-less BMD measurements in contrast-enhanced MDCT scans result in increased mean BMD values, but, with the formulas applied in our study, a reliable BMD value can be calculated. However, the mean BMD values did not differ significantly between the arterial and venous phases.

Key points

  • BMD can be assessed on routine CT scans using a phantom-less tool.

  • i. v. contrast agent significantly elevates BMD values measured on routine CT scans.

  • BMD values measured in the arterial and venous phase did not differ significantly.

  • Conversion formulas were defined for the calculation of a reliable BMD.

  • The phantom-less tool showed good reliability and is a promising method.

Citation Format

  • Toelly A, Bardach C, Weber M et al. Influence of Contrast Media on Bone Mineral Density (BMD) Measurements from Routine Contrast-Enhanced MDCT Datasets using a Phantom-less BMD Measurement Tool. Fortschr Röntgenstr 2017; 189: 537 – 543

Zusammenfassung

Ziel Ziel der Studie war den Einfluss einer intravenösen Kontrastmittelgabe auf phantomlos gemessene volumetrische Knochendichtewerte im Routine-MDCT zu evaluieren. Zusätzlich sollte eine Formel zur Berechnung der wahrheitsgetreuen Knochendichte aus arteriell und venös gemessenen Werten aufgestellt werden.

Material und Methodik 112 postmenopausale Frauen im Alter von 40 bis 77 Jahren (mittleres Alter 57,31; SD 9,61), die ein triphasisches MDCT (nativ, arteriell und venös) auf Grund einer anderen klinischen Indikation erhalten haben, wurden inkludiert. Retrospektiv wurden mit Hilfe einer Software zur phantomlosen volumetrischen Knochendichtebestimmung die Knochendichtewerte der Wirbelkörper Th12 bis L4 bestimmt.

Ergebnisse Der mittlere Knochendichtewert in der nativen Phase betrug 79,76 mg/cm³ (SD 31,20), in der arteriellen Phase 85,09 mg/cm³ (SD 31,61) und in der venösen Phase 86,18 mg/cm³ (SD 31,30). Es zeigte sich ein signifikanter Unterschied (p < 0,001) zwischen Knochendichtewerten in der nativen vs. Knochendichtewerten, welche in der arteriellen und venösen Phase gemessen wurden. Der Unterschied zwischen arteriell und venös gemessenen Knochendichtewerten war jedoch nicht signifikant (p = 0,228). Mittels linearer Regression konnte eine Formel zur Berechnung der wahrheitsgetreuen Knochendichte bei arteriell und venös gemessenen Knochendichtewerten aufgestellt werden: Knochendichte = –2,287 + 0,964 * [arteriell gemessener Knochendichtewert] und –4,517 + 0,978 * [venös gemessener Knochendichtewert]. Die Intraobserver-Variabilität wurde mit einem Intraklassen-Korrelationskoeffizienten (ICC) von 0,984 berechnet. Der ICC für die Interobserver-Variabilität betrug 0,991.

Schlussfolgerung Eine intravenöse Kontrastmittelgabe führt zu signifikant höheren phantomlos gemessenen Knochendichtewerten im Routine-MDCT verglichen zu nativ gemessenen Knochendichtewerten. Mit Hilfe der in dieser Studie generierten Formeln kann der wahrheitsgetreue Knochendichtewert jedoch berechnet werden. Zwischen arteriell und venös gemessenen Knochendichtewerten zeigte sich keine signifikante Differenz.

Kernaussagen

  • Knochendichtewerte können mittels spezieller Software an phantomlosen Routine-MDCTs bestimmt werden.

  • Intravenöses Kontrastmittel führt zu einer signifikanten Steigerung der an Routine-CT-Untersuchungen gemessenen Knochendichtewerte.

  • Keine signifikante Differenz zwischen Knochendichtemessungen in der arteriellen und der venösen Phase.

  • Formeln zur Berechnung einer wahrheitsgetreuen Knochendichte konnten akquiriert werden.

  • Die Software zur phantomlosen Knochendichtebestimmung ist eine vielversprechende Methode mit guter Reliabilität.

 
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