High-Flow-Sauerstofftherapie in der Intensivmedizin

Ließ sich bei der Therapie der respiratorischen Insuffizienz durch Nasenbrillen oder Mund-Nasen-Masken keine ausreichende Oxygenierung erzielen, waren über lange Zeit als Eskalation nur die nicht-invasive und die invasive Beatmung verfügbar. Das Repertoire ist nun ergänzt durch die speziellen Systeme der High-Flow-Sauerstofftherapie – high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) oder nasaler High-Flow (NHF) –, die zunehmend, insbesondere auf Intensivstationen, eingesetzt werden.

Schlüsselwörter

Beatmung - Dyspnoe - respiratorische Insuffizienz - Hypoxämie

• Literatur

• 1 Grensemann J, Fuhrmann V, Sydow K. et al. Sauerstofftherapie beim akuten Myokardinfarkt. Med Klin Intensivmed Notfmed 2017; 112: 50-52
• 2 Mauri T, Turrini C, Eronia N. et al. Physiologic effects of high-flow nasal cannula in acute hypoxemic respiratory failure. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2017; 195: 1207-1215
• 3 Parke R, McGuinness S, Eccleston M. Nasal high-flow therapy delivers low level positive airway pressure. Br J Anaesth 2009; 103: 886-890
• 4 Hernández G, Roca O, Colinas L. High-flow nasal cannula support therapy: new insights and improving performance. Crit Care 2017; 21: 62
• 5 Iscoe S, Beasley R, Fisher JA. Supplementary oxygen for nonhypoxemic patients: O₂ much of a good thing?. Crit Care 2011; 15: 305
• 6 Stub D, Smith K, Bernard S. et al. Air versus oxygen in ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction. Circulation 2015; 131: 2143-2150
• 7 Helmerhorst HJF, Schultz MJ, van der Voort PHJ. et al. Effectiveness and clinical outcomes of a two-step implementation of conservative oxygenation targets in critically ill patients: a before and after trial. Crit Care Med 2016; 44: 554-563
• 8 Spoletini G, Alotaibi M, Blasi F. et al. Heated humidified high-flow nasal oxygen in adults: mechanisms of action and clinical implications. Chest 2015; 148: 253-261
• 9 Sztrymf B, Messika J, Bertrand F. et al. Beneficial effects of humidified high flow nasal oxygen in critical care patients: a prospective pilot study. Intensive Care Med 2011; 37: 1780-1786
• 10 Frat J-P, Thille AW, Mercat A. et al. High-flow oxygen through nasal cannula in acute hypoxemic respiratory failure. N Engl J Med 2015; 372: 2185-2196
• 11 Westhoff M, Schönhofer B, Neumann P. et al. Nicht-invasive Beatmung als Therapie der akuten respiratorischen Insuffizienz. Pneumologie 2015; 69: 719-756
• 12 Antonelli M, Conti G, Esquinas A. et al. A multiple-center survey on the use in clinical practice of noninvasive ventilation as a first-line intervention for acute respiratory distress syndrome. Crit Care Med 2007; 35: 18-25
• 13 Rhodes A, Evans LE, Alhazzani W. et al. Surviving sepsis campaign: international guidelines for management of sepsis and septic shock: 2016. Intensive Care Med 2017; 43: 304-377
• 14 Ni Y-N, Luo J, Yu H. et al. Can high-flow nasal cannula reduce the rate of endotracheal intubation in adult patients with acute respiratory failure compared with conventional oxygen therapy and noninvasive positive pressure ventilation? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Chest 2017; 151: 764-775
• 15 Kang BJ, Koh Y, Lim C-M. et al. Failure of high-flow nasal cannula therapy may delay intubation and increase mortality. Intensive Care Med 2015; 41: 623-632
• 16 Brochard L, Slutsky A, Pesenti A. Mechanical ventilation to minimize progression of lung injury in acute respiratory failure. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2017; 195: 438-442
• 17 Roca O, Messika J, Caralt B. et al. Predicting success of high-flow nasal cannula in pneumonia patients with hypoxemic respiratory failure: The utility of the ROX index. J Crit Care 2016; 35: 200-205
• 18 Messika J, Ben Ahmed K, Gaudry S. et al. Use of high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy in subjects with ARDS: A 1-Year Observational Study. Respir Care 2015; 60: 162-169
• 19 Rittayamai N, Tscheikuna J, Praphruetkit N. et al. Use of high-flow nasal cannula for acute dyspnea and hypoxemia in the emergency department. Respir Care 2015; 60: 1377-1382
• 20 Miguel-Montanes R, Hajage D, Messika J. et al. Use of high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy to prevent desaturation during tracheal intubation of intensive care patients with mild-to-moderate hypoxemia. Crit Care Med 2015; 43: 574-583
• 21 Simon M, Wachs C, Braune S. et al. High-flow nasal cannula versus bag-valve-mask for preoxygenation before intubation in subjects with hypoxemic respiratory failure. Respir Care 2016; 61: 1160-1167
• 22 Jaber S, Monnin M, Girard M. et al. Apnoeic oxygenation via high-flow nasal cannula oxygen combined with non-invasive ventilation preoxygenation for intubation in hypoxaemic patients in the intensive care unit: the single-centre, blinded, randomised controlled OPTINIV trial. Intensive Care Med 2016; 42: 1877-1887
• 23 Myatra SN, Ahmed SM, Kundra P. et al. The All India Difficult Airway Association 2016 guidelines for tracheal intubation in the Intensive Care Unit. Indian J Anaesth 2016; 60: 922-930
• 24 Hernández G, Vaquero C, González P. et al. Effect of postextubation high-flow nasal cannula vs. conventional oxygen therapy on reintubation in low-risk patients: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA 2016; 315: 1354-1361
• 25 Hernández G, Vaquero C, Colinas L. et al. Effect of postextubation high-flow nasal cannula vs. noninvasive ventilation on reintubation and postextubation respiratory failure in high-risk patients: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA 2016; 316: 1565-1574
• 26 Futier E, Paugam-Burtz C, Godet T. et al. Effect of early postextubation high-flow nasal cannula vs. conventional oxygen therapy on hypoxaemia in patients after major abdominal surgery: a French multicentre randomised controlled trial (OPERA). Intensive Care Med 2016; 42: 1888-1898
• 27 Yoo J-W, Synn A, Huh JW. et al. Clinical efficacy of high-flow nasal cannula compared to noninvasive ventilation in patients with post-extubation respiratory failure. Korean J Intern Med 2016; 31: 82-88
• 28 Zhu Y, Yin H, Zhang R. et al. High-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy vs. conventional oxygen therapy in cardiac surgical patients: A meta-analysis. J Crit Care 2016; 38: 123-128
• 29 Coudroy R, Jamet A, Petua P. et al. High-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy versus noninvasive ventilation in immunocompromised patients with acute respiratory failure: an observational cohort study. Ann Intensive Care 2016; 6: 45
• 30 Lemiale V, Resche-Rigon M, Mokart D. et al. High-flow nasal cannula oxygenation in immunocompromised patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure: A Groupe de Recherche Respiratoire en Réanimation Onco-Hématologique Study. Crit Care Med 2017; 45: e274-e280
• 31 Lucangelo U, Vassallo FG, Marras E. et al. High-flow nasal interface improves oxygenation in patients undergoing bronchoscopy. Crit Care Res Pract 2012; 2012: 506382
• 32 Simon M, Braune S, Frings D. et al. High flow nasal cannula oxygen versus non-invasive ventilation in patients with acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure undergoing flexible bronchoscopy – a prospective randomised trial. Crit Care 2014; 18: 712
• 33 La Combe B, Messika J, Labbé V. et al. High-flow nasal oxygen for bronchoalveolar lavage in acute respiratory failure patients. Eur Respir J 2016; 47: 1283-1286
• 34 Peters SG, Holets SR, Gay PC. High-flow nasal cannula therapy in do-not-intubate patients with hypoxemic respiratory distress. Respir Care 2013; 58: 597-600