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Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2018; 126(06): 387-393
DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-113452
Article
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Mortality and its Causes in a German Cohort with Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 after 20 Years of Follow-Up: The JEVIN Trial

Tabitha Heller
1   Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Internal Medicine III, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
,
Christof Kloos
1   Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Internal Medicine III, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
,
Thomas Lehmann
2   Institute of Medical Statistics, Information Sciences and Documentation, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
,
Ralf Schiel
3   MEDIGREIF Inselklinik Heringsdorf GmbH, Clinic for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Ostseebad Heringsdorf, Germany
,
Stefan Lorkowski
4   Institute of Nutrition, Germany, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Germany
5   Competence Cluster for Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health (nutriCARD), Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Germany
,
Gunter Wolf
6   Internal Medicine III, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
,
Ulrich Alfons Müller
1   Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Internal Medicine III, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
,
Nicolle Müller
1   Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Internal Medicine III, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

received 04 April 2017
revised 07 June 2017

accepted 12 June 2017

Publication Date:
24 August 2017 (online)

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Abstract

Background The JEVIN trial started as a cross-sectional study in 1989/90 in Jena. After a follow-up of more than 20 years, the mortality incidence of JEVIN participants with type 1 diabetes was surveyed.

Methods 103 (78.6%) of the 131 JEVIN patients participating at baseline could be examined. 38 persons (36.9%) had deceased. All JEVIN survey data and routine examinations documented in the electronic patient record EMIL® of surviving and deceased participants were used for analyses. We compared the data of the surviving with the deceased participants (follow-up time: 2,166 person-years).

Results The incidence rate of death was 1.75/100 person-years. Median observation time for all patients was 23.1 years (range 0.61–26.6 years). Mean age at death was 58.5 years (34.2–78.4 years), and diabetes duration 35 years (3.5–68.5 years). Most frequent causes of death were: cardiovascular diseases (48.2%, n=13) and infections (25.9%, n=7). There were no differences in age (p=0.302), diabetes duration (p=0.371), BMI (p=0.535), blood pressure (p=0.622/0.820), gender (p=0.566), and smoking status (p=0.709) between surviving and deceased persons. The mean HbA1c of the last year before death or last visit was higher in the deceased than surviving persons (7.5% vs. 7.0%; p=0.010). 57.4% of the surviving and 87.0% of the deceased participants had nephropathy (p=0.012), 79.7% vs. 89.7% retinopathy (p=0.241) and 61.4% vs. 63.3% neuropathy (p=0.860), but only nephropathy was significantly associated with increased mortality risk (HR=4.208, CI:1.226-14.440; HR=2.360, CI:0.696-8.004; HR=0.944, CI:0.436-2.043).

Conclusions In the JEVIN population with diabetes mellitus type 1 only, diabetic nephropathy was associated with higher mortality risk.

Key words

observational study - Germany - survival - life expectancy
 

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