Abstract
Triiodothyronine (T3) is a key regulator of bone, muscle and articular cartilage.
Musculoskeletal symptoms of hyperthyroidism include loss of bone mass finally leading
to osteoporosis and weakness of the skeletal musculature. Hypothyroidism on the other
side frequently leads to muscle stiffness and cramping and, occasionally, results
in rhabdomyolysis. To prevent terminal differentiation of chondrocytes with consecutive
cartilage degeneration, cartilage probably depends on exact regulation of local T3
availability by the intracellular deiodinase system. Recent findings underline the
importance of local T3 generation by deiodinase type 2 and support the existence of
local hypo- or hyperthyroidism.
In the review, the implications of the recent literature for current understanding
of osteoarthritis, myopathies and diabetic osteoarthropathy will be discussed. Further
emphasis will be placed on the association of autoimmune thyroiditis with musculoskeletal
diseases and fibromyalgia.
Triiodthyronin (T3) ist unverzichtbar für die Entwicklung des muskuloskelettalen Systems
[1]. Sowohl bei der Hyperthyreose als auch Hypothyreose kommt es zu krankhaften Veränderungen
an Knochen, Gelenken und Muskeln, am häufigsten Hashimoto-Thyreoiditis und Morbus
Basedow. Neue Konzepte und Vorstellungen in der molekularen Thyreologie fließen zunehmend
in die Therapie ein und müssen in der internistischen Praxis Berücksichtigung finden.
Schlüsselwörter
Schilddrüse - Arthrose - Myopathie - Hypothyreose - Hyperthyreose
Key words
thyroid - osteoarthritis - myopathy - hypothyroidism - hyperthyroidism
