Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2019; 127(05): 331-335
DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-125321
Article
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Seasonal Variation in Month of Diagnosis of Polish Children with Type 1 Diabetes - A Multicenter Study

Agnieszka Szypowska
1   Department of Paediatrics, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
,
Anna Ramotowska
1   Department of Paediatrics, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
,
Marta Wysocka-Mincewicz
2   Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Children’s Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
,
Artur Mazur
4   II Department of Paediatrics, Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Medical Faculty University of Rzeszow, Poland
,
Lucyna Lisowicz
4   II Department of Paediatrics, Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Medical Faculty University of Rzeszow, Poland
,
Iwona Beń-Skowronek
5   Department of Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical University of Lublin, Poland
,
Joanna Sieniawska
5   Department of Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical University of Lublin, Poland
,
Bożenna Klonowska
6   Department of Clinical Pediatrics. Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Provincial Specialist Children's Hospital, Olsztyn, Poland
,
Dorota Charemska
6   Department of Clinical Pediatrics. Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Provincial Specialist Children's Hospital, Olsztyn, Poland
,
Jolanta Nawrotek
7   Endocrinology and Diabetology Ward, General District Hospital, Kielce, Poland
,
Irena Jałowiec
7   Endocrinology and Diabetology Ward, General District Hospital, Kielce, Poland
,
Artur Bossowski
8   Department of Pediatrics, Endocrinology, Diabetology with a Cardiology Division, Medical University in Białystok, Poland
,
Milena Jamiołkowska
8   Department of Pediatrics, Endocrinology, Diabetology with a Cardiology Division, Medical University in Białystok, Poland
,
Beata Pyrżak
9   Department of Pediatrics and Endocrinology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
,
Grażyna Miszkurka
9   Department of Pediatrics and Endocrinology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
,
Mieczysław Szalecki
2   Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Children’s Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
3   Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, UJK, Kielce Poland
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

received 03 October 2017
revised 12 December 2017

accepted 21 December 2017

Publication Date:
05 March 2018 (online)

Abstract

Aim The seasonal variation of incidence of type 1 diabetes (T1D) theory supports the hypothesis that environmental factors play a role in the onset of the disease. The aim of this study is to assess seasonality of month of diagnosis in children with T1D in Poland.

Material and methods the study group consisted of 2174 children from eastern and central Poland diagnosed with T1D between 2010 and 2014. Analysis was performed in different age groups, based on place of residence (rural/urban area) and depending on sex.

Results We noted significant seasonality in the incidence of T1D with a peak in diagnosis of diabetes in January and the minimum rate in June. A total of 423 (19%) children were diagnosed in the warmest months (June to August with a mean temperature of 16.8°C) compared to 636 (29%) recognised in the coldest months (December to February with a mean temperature of −1.6°C), OR 0.57 95%CI [0.51-0.67], p<0.0001. We noted a more flat seasonal pattern in children 0-4 years of age compared with subjects 5–17 years old with a week correlation of trend comparison between both groups, r=0.69, p=0.001. Similar seasonal variation in the incidence of T1D was noted in children from urban and rural setting. For girls, seasonal pattern peaks were observed one month earlier as compared to boys.

Conclusions Seasonal variation in incidence of T1D diagnosis of Polish children supports the role of different environmental factors in diabetes onset. The majority of children were diagnosed with diabetes in autumn and winter.

 
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