Download PDF
CC BY 4.0 · Eur J Dent 2023; 17(04): 1338-1348
DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1761185
Original Article

Assessment of NLRP3 Gene Polymorphisms with Periodontitis as Compared with Healthy Periodontium in Iraqi Arabs Patients

Athraa A. Mahmood
1   Department of Oral Surgery and Periodontology, College of Dentistry, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
,
Raghad Fadhil Abbas
2   Department of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
› Author Affiliations
› Further Information
   Permissions and Reprints

Abstract

Objectives The nod-like receptor pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome regulates the maturation and release of the cytokines as well as the activation of caspase in response to danger signals derived from pathogenic infection, tissue damage, andmetabolic changes that have a role in the pathogenesis of different diseases as periodontitis. Yet, the susceptibility to this illness could be determined by population-based genetic differences. The aim of this study was to determine whether periodontitis in Arab populations from Iraq is correlated with NLRP3 gene polymorphisms and measure clinical periodontal parameters and investigate their association with genetic polymorphisms of the NLRP3.

Materials and Methods The study sample consisted of 94 participants ranging from 30 to 55 years old, both males and females who fulfilled the study's criteria. The selected participants were divided into two groups: the periodontitis group (62 subjects) and the healthy control group (32 subjects). The examination of clinical periodontal parameters of all participants was carried out, followed by a collection of venous blood for NLRP3 genetic analysis using the polymerase chain reaction–sequencing technique.

Results The genetic analysis of NLRP3 genotypes at four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs10925024, rs4612666, rs34777555, and rs10754557), by Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium, identified nonsignificant differences in studied groups. The C-T genotype among periodontitis was significantly different from controls, while the C-C genotype among control was significantly different from periodontitis at NLRP3 rs10925024. Overall, there were 35 SNPs in the periodontitis group and 10 SNPs in the control group for rs10925024 with significant differences versus nonsignificant differences of the other SNPs between the studied groups. Clinical attachment loss and NLRP3 rs10925024 additionally demonstrated a significant positive correlation in the periodontitis subjects.

Conclusion The findings suggested that polymorphisms of the NLRP3 gene may have a role and increasing the genetic susceptibility to periodontal disease in Arabs Iraqi patients.

Keywords

NLRP3 - periodontitis - gene polymorphisms


Publication History

Article published online:
22 February 2023

© 2023. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, permitting unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction so long as the original work is properly cited. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Pvt. Ltd.
A-12, 2nd Floor, Sector 2, Noida-201301 UP, India

 

  • References

  • 1 Loos BG, Van Dyke TE. The role of inflammation and genetics in periodontal disease. Periodontol 2000 2020; 83 (01) 26-39
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 2 Laine ML, Crielaard W, Loos BG. Genetic susceptibility to periodontitis. Periodontol 2000 2012; 58 (01) 37-68
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 3 La Fata G, Weber P, Mohajeri MH. Probiotics and the gut immune system: indirect regulation. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2018; 10 (01) 11-21
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 4 Roberts FA, Darveau RP. Beneficial bacteria of the periodontium. Periodontol 2000 2002; 30: 40-50
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 5 Platnich JM, Muruve DA. NOD-like receptors and inflammasomes: a review of their canonical and non-canonical signaling pathways. Arch Biochem Biophys 2019; 670: 4-14
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 6 Ding PH, Yang MX, Wang NN. et al. Porphyromonas gingivalis-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation and its downstream interleukin-1β release depend on caspase-4. Front Microbiol 2020; 11: 1881
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 7 Fischer U, Jänicke RU, Schulze-Osthoff K. Many cuts to ruin: a comprehensive update of caspase substrates. Cell Death Differ 2003; 10 (01) 76-100
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 8 Rosenberg NA, Huang L, Jewett EM, Szpiech ZA, Jankovic I, Boehnke M. Genome-wide association studies in diverse populations. Nat Rev Genet 2010; 11 (05) 356-366
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 9 Benakanakere MR, Finoti L, Palioto DB, Teixeira HS, Kinane DF. Epigenetics, inflammation, and periodontal disease. Current Oral Health Reports 2019; 6 (01) 37-46
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 10 Nibali L, Di Iorio A, Tu YK, Vieira AR. Host genetics role in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease and caries. J Clin Periodontol 2017; 44 (Suppl 18): S52-S78
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 11 Yassin AH, Al-Kazaz AKA, Muhsin HA. Identification of genetic mutations associated with autism in GABRB3 gene in Iraqi autistic patients. Iraqi J Sci 2022; 57 (2B): 1184-1191
    Google Scholar
  • 12 Grigoriadis A, Koutounidou S, Räisänen I, Arsenakis M, Sakellari D. Interaction between TCF7L2 rs7903146 genotype, HbA1c levels, and the periodontal status of dental patients. Eur J Dent 2021; 15 (03) 495-501
    Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 13 Majeed MM, Ahmed I, Roome T, Fatima T, Amin R. Association between interleukin-1β gene polymorphism and chronic periodontitis. Eur J Dent 2021; 15 (04) 702-706
    Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 14 Marchesan JT, Girnary MS, Moss K. et al. Role of inflammasomes in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease and therapeutics. Periodontol 2000 2020; 82 (01) 93-114
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 15 Lim JU, Lee JH, Kim JS. et al. Comparison of World Health Organization and Asia-Pacific body mass index classifications in COPD patients. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2017; 12: 2465-2475
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 16 Tonetti MS, Greenwell H, Kornman KS. Staging and grading of periodontitis: framework and proposal of a new classification and case definition. J Clin Periodontol 2018; 45 (Suppl 20): S149-S161
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 17 Chapple ILC, Mealey BL, Van Dyke TE. et al. Periodontal health and gingival diseases and conditions on an intact and a reduced periodontium: consensus report of workgroup 1 of the 2017 World Workshop on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases and Conditions. J Periodontol 2018; 89 (Suppl 1): S74-S84
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 18 Sharma SK, Mudgal SK, Thakur K, Gaur R. How to calculate sample size for observational and experimental nursing research studies. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol 2020; 10 (01) 1-8
    Google Scholar
  • 19 Ainamo J, Bay I. Problems and proposals for recording gingivitis and plaque. Int Dent J 1975; 25 (04) 229-235
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 20 O'Leary TJ, Drake RB, Naylor JE. The plaque control record. J Periodontol 1972; 43 (01) 38
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 21 Armitage GC. Development of a classification system for periodontal diseases and conditions. Ann Periodontol 1999; 4 (01) 1-6
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 22 Dahash SA, Mahmood MS. Association of a genetic variant (rs689466) of Cyclooxygenase-2 gene with chronic periodontitis in a sample of Iraqi population. J Baghdad College Dent 2019; 31 (04) 40-45
    Google Scholar
  • 23 Mahendra J, Rao AN, Mahendra L. et al. The expression of allele changes in NLRP3 (rs35829419) and IL-1β (+3954) gene polymorphisms in periodontitis and coronary artery disease. Materials (Basel) 2021; 14 (17) 5103
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 24 Hart TC, Kornman KS. Genetic factors in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. Periodontol 2000 1997; 14: 202-215
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 25 Saliem SS, Bede SY, Cooper PR, Abdulkareem AA, Milward MR, Abdullah BH. Pathogenesis of periodontitis - a potential role for epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Jpn Dent Sci Rev 2022; 58: 268-278
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 26 Maulani C, Auerkari EI, Masulili SLC, Kusdhany LS, Soeroso Y, Soedarsono N. Interferon-gamma (IFNg) +874A/T polymorphism does not significantly affect the severity of periodontitis. Eur J Dent 2022; 16 (02) 327-332
    Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 27 Chen Y, Yang Q, Lv C. et al. NLRP3 regulates alveolar bone loss in ligature-induced periodontitis by promoting osteoclastic differentiation. Cell Prolif 2021; 54 (02) e12973
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 28 Guo H, Callaway JB, Ting JP. Inflammasomes: mechanism of action, role in disease, and therapeutics. Nat Med 2015; 21 (07) 677-687
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 29 Strowig T, Henao-Mejia J, Elinav E, Flavell R. Inflammasomes in health and disease. Nature 2012; 481 (7381): 278-286
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 30 Ibraheem LM, Ahmmad BZ, Dhafer AM, Dhafer JM. Effect of diabetes mellitus on periodontal health status, salivary flow rate and salivary pH in patients with chronic periodontitis. J Baghdad College Dent 2020; 32 (02) 12-16
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 31 García-Hernández AL, Muñoz-Saavedra ÁE, González-Alva P. et al. Upregulation of proteins of the NLRP3 inflammasome in patients with periodontitis and uncontrolled type 2 diabetes. Oral Dis 2019; 25 (02) 596-608
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 32 de Alencar JB, Zacarias JMV, Tsuneto PY. et al. Influence of inflammasome NLRP3, and IL1B and IL2 gene polymorphisms in periodontitis susceptibility. PLoS One 2020; 15 (01) e0227905
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 33 Bidoki AZ, Harsini S, Sadr M. et al. NLRP3 gene polymorphisms in Iranian patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis. J Oral Pathol Med 2016; 45 (02) 136-140
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 34 Deng J, Lin W, Chen Y. et al. rs3806268 of NLRP3 gene polymorphism is associated with the development of primary gout. Int J Clin Exp Pathol 2015; 8 (10) 13747-13752
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 35 Isaza-Guzmán DM, Hernández-Viana M, Bonilla-León DM, Hurtado-Cadavid MC, Tobón-Arroyave SI. Determination of NLRP3 (rs4612666) and IL-1B (rs1143634) genetic polymorphisms in periodontally diseased and healthy subjects. Arch Oral Biol 2016; 65: 44-51
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 36 Taneja V. Sex hormones determine immune response. Front Immunol 2018; 9: 1931
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 37 Abbas MJ, Albaaj FSO, Hussein HM, Mahmood AA. Importance of preventive dentistry in the elderly: a personal approach. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2022; 19: 11
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar