Comparrison of the diagnostik value of biopsy of the sublingual gland and labial gland in sjögrens syndrom

Introduction Besides the assessment of antibodies (SS-A/Ro, SS-B/La) the histopathologic results are essential for the diagnosis of Sjögrens syndrome (SS). The standard procedure is the biopsy of the labial gland. Disadvantages are a small sample size as well as local scarring and dysesthesia. A further method is the biopsy of the parotid gland. The advantage is a larger sample and the option of re-biopsy. Possible complications are damage to the facial nerve as well as a visible scar and salivary fistula. The biopsy of the sublingual gland is an alternative method, which combines the advantages of foresaid methods at reduced risk.

Material and methods  From 2017 to 2022 108 biopsies in patients with suspected SS were performed in local anesthesia. In addition, an assessment of antibodies and ultrasound of the salivary glands as well as assessment of complications was done. The results were compared regarding the focus score (FS).

Results In 66 cases, biopsies were positive for SS. In 30 cases both glands showed a FS ≥ 1, in 32 only the sublingual gland showed a FS ≥ 1, in 4 cases only the labial gland showed a FS ≥ 1. 42 biopsy showed no sign of SS.

There were no severe adverse events Discussion The biopsy of the sublingual gland is a safe and easy to perform method for diagnosis of SS. Concerning its diagnostic validity it is superior to the biopsy of the labial gland.

Publication History

Article published online:
12 May 2023