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CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 2024; 37(01): 013-022
DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1771508
Original Research

Biomechanical Comparison of Double 2.3-mm Headless Cannulated Self-Compression Screws and Single 3.5-mm Cortical Screw in Lag Fashion in a Canine Sacroiliac Luxation Model: A Small Dog Cadaveric Study

AhRan Kang   *
1   College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
,
Haebeom Lee   *
1   College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
,
Arim Lee
1   College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
,
Yoonho Roh
2   Division of Animal Surgery, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
,
Bokyun Sim
3   Graduate Program of Biomedical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
,
Jaemin Jeong 
1   College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
› Author Affiliations Funding This work was supported by Korea Institute of Planning and Evaluation for Technology in Food, Agriculture and Forestry (IPET) through Companion Animal Whole Cycle Industrialization Technology Development Program, funded by the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs (MAFRA; 322090).
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Abstract

Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of safe positioning of double 2.3-mm headless cannulated self-compression screws (HCS) in a small dog cadaveric sacroiliac luxation model and to compare the static rotational biomechanical properties of fixation repaired using two different screw systems with a minimally invasive osteosynthesis technique: double 2.3-mm HCS and a single 3.5-mm standard cortical screw placed in a lag fashion.

Study Design A unilateral small dog sacroiliac luxation model was stabilized using double 2.3-mm HCS (n = 11) or a single 3.5-mm cortical screw (n = 11). Radiographic and computed tomography (CT) imaging analyses and biomechanical testing of rotational force on the sacroiliac joint of both fixations were performed. The maximum load at failure and failure modes of each fixation were recorded and compared.

Results Fluoroscopically guided percutaneous application of double HCS was safe in a unilateral sacroiliac luxation model in small dogs without violation of the vertebral and ventral sacral foramen. Furthermore, resistance to rotational force applied on fixation of the sacroiliac joint repaired with double 2.3-mm HCS estimated by maximum failure load was significantly higher than that of a single 3.5-mm cortical screw (p < 0.001).

Conclusion Although this was an experimental cadaveric study, based on our results, the use of smaller double HCS may be beneficial as an alternative to the conventional single lag screw for stabilization of sacroiliac luxation in small dogs.

Keywords

sacroiliac luxation - headless cannulated self-compression screw - lag screw - biomechanical study - dog

Authors' Contribution

J.J., H.L., and B.S. contributed to the conception of the study and study design. All the authors contributed to the acquisition of data, and data analysis and interpretation. All the authors also drafted, revised, and approved the submitted manuscript.


* These authors contributed equally to this work.




Publication History

Received: 15 September 2022

Accepted: 27 June 2023

Article published online:
10 August 2023

© 2023. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

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