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CC BY 4.0 · Libyan International Medical University Journal
DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1779340
Original Article

Prevalence of Dyslipidemia, Drug Therapy Problems, and Medication Adherence in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in North Central Nigeria

F.O. Aliyu 
1   Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
,
Timothy Orimogunje
1   Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
,
S.I. Bello
1   Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
,
M. Abdulbaki 
2   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, General Hospital Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
,
Muslim Olakunle Jamiu
1   Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
,
Ikoni J. Ogaji
3   Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria
› Author Affiliations Funding None.
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Abstract

Background Patients with diabetes mellitus have an increased risk of developing dyslipidemia, predisposing them to macro- and microvascular consequences such as coronary heart disease.

Aim The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of dyslipidemia, drug therapy problems (DTPs), and medication adherence in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients in a tertiary hospital in North Central Nigeria.

Method This study was a cross-sectional convenient sampling of eligible patients conducted in the General Outpatient Department of General Hospital, Ilorin, from March to May 2022. A validated questionnaire was administered to obtain all relevant information on sociodemographic information, and blood samples were collected in a medium plain heparinized tube and sent to the laboratory where fasting blood sugar, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) values were calculated as appropriate. Morisky's Medication Adherence Scale 8 (MMAS-8) was used to capture patient's adherence level, and DTP was assessed using the Pharmaceutical Care Network Europe (PCNE) Criteria version 7. Ethical approval was obtained from the Ministry of Health, Ilorin. Statistical Package for Social Sciences was used to analyze the data collected for descriptive and inferential statistics.

Results The mean age of the respondents was 60 ± 0.7 years. Of the 60 respondents, 25 (41.67%) were males and 35 (58.33%) were females. All the respondents had dyslipidemia, 30% respondents were identified with a DTP of nonadherence, 16.7% needed additional drug/monitoring, dosage was too low in 11.7%, and 11.6% could not afford their medication due to high cost. In all, 45 (75%) respondents had poor sugar control and 33 (55%) had poor blood pressure control. Using MMAS-8, the majority (41, [68.30%]) of the respondents were found to have poor adherence to their diabetic medications.

Conclusion High prevalence of dyslipidemia, poor medication adherence, and DTPs were found in the T2DM patients in this study.

Keywords

dyslipidemia - type 2 diabetes mellitus - medication adherence - drug therapy problem - Framingham risk score


Publication History

Article published online:
16 February 2024

© 2024. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, permitting unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction so long as the original work is properly cited. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

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