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CC BY 4.0 · Rev Bras Ortop (Sao Paulo) 2024; 59(03): e337-e348
DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1786351
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Joelho

Updates in the Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis

Article in several languages: português | English
Diego Pontes de Carvalho Pires 
1   Instituto de Coluna e Ortopedia Especializada (InCore), Recife, PE, Brasil
,
Felipe Alves do Monte 
2   Departamento de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Hospital da Restauração Governador Paulo Guerra, Recife, PE, Brasil
,
Leonardo Freire Monteiro 
3   Ortoclínica, Recife, PE, Brasil
,
Francisco Rafael do Couto Soares 
4   Serviço de Traumatologia e Ortopedia, Hospital Metropolitano Norte Miguel Arraes (HMA), Recife, PE, Brasil
5   Serviço de Traumatologia e Ortopedia, Instituto de Medicina Integral Professor Fernando Figueira (IMIP), Recife, PE, Brasil
,
José Leonardo Rocha de Faria 
6   Instituto Nacional de Traumatologia e Ortopedia (INTO), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
› Author Affiliations

Financial Support The authors declare that they did not receive funding from agencies in the public, private, or not-for-profit sectors for the conduction of the present study.
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Abstract

Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is an inflammatory and degenerative condition resulting in articular cartilage destruction and functional loss. Its prevalence has grown considerably due to increased life expectancy and obesity, and its diagnosis relies on evaluation, medical examination, and confirmation by supplementary radiographic images. Knee OA is multifactorial and influenced by several local, systemic, and external aspects. In addition, its progress and therapeutic responses highly depend on the characteristics of each subject. The initial recommendation is drug treatment and alternative therapies to improve quality of life. However, if these treatments are unsuccessful, one must consider surgical treatment. Surgical options include arthroscopies, osteotomies, and partial and total arthroplasties, while non-surgical treatments include medications and alternative therapies such as infiltrations, acupuncture, and physical exercise. It is worth highlighting that biomarkers can be a significant strategy for early disease detection, assessment of disease activity, prediction of prognosis, and monitoring a better response to therapy. Nevertheless, this topic must be the focus of further research to confirm its findings.

Keywords

arthroscopy - articular cartilage - biomarkers - physical exercise - intra-articular infiltrations - knee - osteoarthritis - physical exercise

Work developed at the Instituto de Coluna e Ortopedia Especializada (InCore), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.




Publication History

Received: 22 September 2022

Accepted: 21 July 2023

Article published online:
22 June 2024

© 2024. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

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