Neurogenesis and pesticides: news of no new neurons

Abstract

New hippocampal neurons are continuously generated in the adult human brain. Several studies have demonstrated that the proliferation of hippocampal cells is strongly influenced by a variety of stimuli, including pesticides exposure. These effects are particularly important because neurogenesis dysregulation could be associated with the decline of neuronal and cognitive functions and the possible development of neuropsychiatric disorders.

Resumo

Novos neurônios hipocampais são gerados continuamente no cérebro humano adulto. Vários estudos têm demonstrado que a proliferação de células do hipocampo é influenciada por uma variedade de estímulos, incluindo a exposição a pesticidas. Estes efeitos são particularmente importantes porque a desregulação da neurogênese pode estar associada ao declínio das funções neuronais e cognitivas e ao possível desenvolvimento de doenças neuropsiquiátricas.

Keywords

Neurogenesis - Pesticides - Neuronal Plasticity - Brain

Palavras-chave

Neurogênese - Praguicidas - Plasticidade Neuronal - Encéfalo

Authors' Contributions

FAS: conceptualization, investigation, and writing – review & editing; ACGA: writing – review & editing; ACF: supervision and writing – review & editing; FCN and JF: writing – review & editing.

Publication History

Received: 12 December 2023

Accepted: 09 March 2024

Article published online:
19 May 2024

• References

• 1 Shimoura RO, Pena RFO, Kamiji NL, Lima V, Roque AC. Neuron network models for the neocortex and observed emergent phenomena. Rev Bras Teaching Physics. 2021; 43 (Suppl. 01) e20200452
• 2 Cordeiro VL, Pena Rde O, Ceballos CAC, Shimoura RO, Roque AC. Applications of information theory to neuroscience. Rev Bras Teaching Physics 2019;41(02):
• 3 Kempermann G. Environmental enrichment, new neurons and the neurobiology of individuality. Nat Rev Neurosci 2019; 20 (04) 235-245
• 4 Toda T, Gage FH. Review: adult neurogenesis contributes to hippocampal plasticity. Cell Tissue Res 2018; 373 (03) 693-709
• 5 Ramón y Cajal S. Degeneration and regeneration of the nervous system. Trans. Day RM. London: Oxford Univ. Press; 1928
• 6 Mello LE, Longo BM. Neurogenesis: A Change of Paradigms. In: Perspectives of Stem Cells: From Tools for Studying Mechanisms of Neuronal Differentiation towards Therapy. 1 ed.. New York: Springer; 2010: 11-33
• 7 Hamilton A. The division of differentiated cells in the central nervous system of the white rat. J Comp Neurol 1901; 11: 297-320 Doi: 10.1007%2Fs00018-019-03430-9
• 8 Allen E. The cessation of mitosis in the central nervous system of the albino rat. J Comp Neurol 1912; 19 (06) 547-568
• 9 Sugita N. Comparative studies on the growth of the cerebral cortex. J Comp Neurol 1918; 29 (02) 61-117
• 10 Altman J, Das GD. Autoradiographic and histological evidence of postnatal hippocampal neurogenesis in rats. J Comp Neurol 1965; 124 (03) 319-335
• 11 Altman J, Das GD. Autoradiographic and histological studies of postnatal neurogenesis. I. A longitudinal investigation of the kinetics, migration and transformation of cells incorporating tritiated thymidine in neonate rats, with special reference to postnatal neurogenesis in some brain regions. J Comp Neurol 1966; 126 (03) 337-389
• 12 Altman J. Autoradiographic and histological studies of postnatal neurogenesis. IV. Cell proliferation and migration in the anterior forebrain, with special reference to persisting neurogenesis in the olfactory bulb. J Comp Neurol 1969; 137 (04) 433-457
• 13 Altman J. The Neurosciences: a study program. Quarton GC, Melnechuck T, Schmitt FO. editors. New York: Rockefeller Univ. Press; 1967: 723-743
• 14 Kaplan MS, Bell DH. Mitotic neuroblasts in the 9-day-old and 11-month-old rodent hippocampus. J Neurosci 1984; 4 (06) 1429-1441
• 15 Nowakowski RS, Lewin SB, Miller MW. Bromodeoxyuridine immunohistochemical determination of the lengths of the cell cycle and the DNA-synthetic phase for an anatomically defined population. J Neurocytol 1989; 18 (03) 311-318
• 16 Harzsch S, Miller J, Benton J, Beltz B. From embryo to adult: persistent neurogenesis and apoptotic cell death shape the lobster deutocerebrum. J Neurosci 1999; 19 (09) 3472-3485
• 17 Lopez-Garcia C, Molowny A, Garcia-Verdugo JM, Ferrer I. Delayed postnatal neurogenesis in the cerebral cortex of lizards. Brain Res 1988; 471 (02) 167-174
• 18 Polenov AL, Chetverukhin VK. Ultrastructural radioautographic analysis of neurogenesis in the hypothalamus of the adult frog, Rana temporaria, with special reference to physiological regeneration of the preoptic nucleus. II. Types of neuronal cells produced. Cell Tissue Res 1993; 271 (02) 351-362
• 19 Nottebohm F. From bird song to neurogenesis. Sci Am 1989; 260 (02) 74-79
• 20 Eckenhoff MF, Rakic P. Nature and fate of proliferative cells in the hippocampal dentate gyrus during the life span of the rhesus monkey. J Neurosci 1988; 8 (08) 2729-2747
• 21 Eriksson PS, Perfilieva E, Björk-Eriksson T. et al. Neurogenesis in the adult human hippocampus. Nat Med 1998; 4 (11) 1313-1317 . Doi: 10.1038/3305
• 22 Kempermann G, Song H, Gage FH. Neurogenesis in the Adult Hippocampus. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2015; 7 (09) a018812 . Doi: 10.1101/cshperspect
• 23 Kempermann G, Kuhn HG, Gage FH. More hippocampal neurons in adult mice living in an enriched environment. Nature 1997; 386 (6624) 493-495
• 24 Debassio WA, Kemper TL, Tonkiss J, Galler JR. Effect of prenatal protein deprivation on postnatal granule cell generation in the hippocampal dentate gyrus. Brain Res Bull 1996; 41 (06) 379-383
• 25 Melgar-Locatelli S, de Ceglia M, Mañas-Padilla MC. et al. Nutrition and adult neurogenesis in the hippocampus: Does what you eat help you remember?. Front Neurosci 2023; 17: 1147269
• 26 Liew AKY, Teo CH, Soga T. The molecular effects of environmental enrichment on Alzheimer's disease. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59 (12) 7095-7118
• 27 Gould E, Tanapat P, Rydel T, Hastings N. Regulation of hippocampal neurogenesis in adulthood. Biol Psychiatry 2000; 48 (08) 715-720
• 28 Surget A, Belzung C. Adult hippocampal neurogenesis shapes adaptation and improves stress response: a mechanistic and integrative perspective. Mol Psychiatry 2022; 27 (01) 403-421
• 29 van Praag H, Kempermann G, Gage FH. Running increases cell proliferation and neurogenesis in the adult mouse dentate gyrus. Nat Neurosci 1999; 2 (03) 266-270 . Doi: 10.1038/6368
• 30 Liu PZ, Nusslock R. Exercise-mediated neurogenesis in the hippocampus via BDNF. Front Neurosci 2018; 12: 52 Doi: 10.3389%2Ffnins.2018.00052
• 31 Geil CR, Hayes DM, McClain JA. et al. Alcohol and adult hippocampal neurogenesis: promiscuous drug, wanton effects. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2014; 54: 103-113
• 32 Nixon K, Crews FT. Binge ethanol exposure decreases neurogenesis in adult rat hippocampus. J Neurochem 2002; 83 (05) 1087-1093
• 33 Peng L, Bonaguidi MA. Function and dysfunction of adult hippocampal neurogenesis in regeneration and disease. Am J Pathol 2018; 188 (01) 23-28
• 34 Hess SC, Nodari R. Pesticides in Brazil: overview of products between 2019 and 2022. Ambientes em Movimento Magazine 2022; 2: 39-52
• 35 Rigotto RM, Vasconcelos DP, Rocha MM. Pesticide use in Brazil and problems for public health. Cad Saude Publica 2014; 30 (07) 1360-1362
• 36 Scorza FA, Beltramim L, Bombardi LM. Pesticide exposure and human health: Toxic legacy. Clinics (São Paulo) 2023; 78: 100249
• 37 Ichikawa H. [Neurotoxicology of pesticides]. Brain Nerve 2015; 67 (01) 39-48
• 38 Khan N, Kennedy A, Cotton J, Brumby S. A pest to mental health? Exploring the link between exposure to agricultural chemicals in farmers and mental health. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2019; 16 (08) 1327
• 39 Zanchi MM, Marins K, Zamoner A. Could pesticide exposure be implicated in the high incidence rates of depression, anxiety and suicide in farmers? A systematic review. Environ Pollut 2023; 331 (Pt 2): 121888
• 40 Rossetti MF, Stoker C, Ramos JG. Agrochemicals and neurogenesis. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2020; 510: 110820
• 41 Parihar VK, Hattiangady B, Shuai B, Shetty AK. Mood and memory deficits in a model of Gulf War illness are linked with reduced neurogenesis, partial neuron loss, and mild inflammation in the hippocampus. Neuropsychopharmacology 2013; 38 (12) 2348-2362
• 42 Ojo JO, Abdullah L, Evans J. et al. Exposure to an organophosphate pesticide, individually or in combination with other Gulf War agents, impairs synaptic integrity and neuronal differentiation, and is accompanied by subtle microvascular injury in a mouse model of Gulf War agent exposure. Neuropathology 2014; 34 (02) 109-127
• 43 Fang D, Qing Y, Yan S, Chen D, Yan SS. Development and dynamic regulation of mitochondrial network in human midbrain dopaminergic neurons differentiated from iPSCs. Stem Cell Reports 2016; 7 (04) 678-692
• 44 Darbinyan LV, Hambardzumyan LE, Simonyan KV, Chavushyan VA, Manukyan LP, Sarkisian VH. Rotenone impairs hippocampal neuronal activity in a rat model of Parkinson's disease. Pathophysiology 2017; 24 (01) 23-30
• 45 Hossain MM, DiCicco-Bloom E, Richardson JR. Hippocampal ER stress and learning deficits following repeated pyrethroid exposure. Toxicol Sci 2015; 143 (01) 220-228
• 46 Li K, Cheng X, Jiang J. et al. The toxic influence of paraquat on hippocampal neurogenesis in adult mice. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 106 (Pt A): 356-366