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DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1793931
Association of interleukin 4 and MTHFR gene polymorphisms with distal symmetrical polyneuropathy in young diabetics
Associação de polimorfismos dos genes interleucina 4 e MTHFR com polineuropatia simétrica distal em jovens diabéticosAuthors
Abstract
Background It is believed that genetic factors play a role in the development and severity of neural injury among people with distal symmetrical polyneuropathy (DSP), because some genes are involved in specific biological pathways, acting in different ways in the pathogenic process.
Objective To identify potential associations involving the 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR C677T) and interleukin 4 (IL-4 intron 3 variable number of tandem repeats [I3VNTR]) gene polymorphisms and DSP in the studied sample.
Methods In total, 70 children and adolescents with type-1 diabetes underwent a nerve conduction studie (NCS) of the sural nerve. Saliva samples were collected for DNA extraction and genotyping of the MTHFR C677T and IL-4 I3VNTR polymorphisms.
Results The prevalence of DSP was 15.71%. The participants with DSP presented higher mean levels of glycated hemoglobin, triglycerides, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (p > 0.05). The NCS amplitudes were lower in individuals with DSP (p = 0.00). The mean conduction velocity was lower in people with the A1A1 genotype (p = 0.02). Maternal and paternal history of diabetes in great-grandparents were associated with DSP (p = 0.04 and 0.02, respectively). Glycated hemoglobin and impaired Achilles reflex were associated with the MTHFR CC genotype (p = 0.04 and 0.05 respectively) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol was associated with the MTHFR CT genotype (p = 0.05). We found no association between the polymorphisms investigated and DSP.
Conclusion In the present study, we found no association involving the MTHFR C677T and IL-4 I3VNTR polymorphisms and DSP. However, the study provides other associations and suggests possible implications for these findings.
Resumo
Antecedentes Acredita-se que fatores genéticos desempenhem um papel no desenvolvimento e na gravidade da lesão neural em pessoas com polineuropatia simétrica distal (PSD), pois alguns genes estão envolvidos em vias biológicas específicas, e atuam de diferentes formas no processo patogênico.
Objetivo Identificar as possíveis associações entre os polimorfismos dos genes 5,10-metileno tetrahidrofolato redutase (MTHFR C677T) e interleucina 4 (IL-4 íntron 3 número variável de repetições em tandem, intron 3 variable number of tandem repeats [I3VNTR], em inglês) com a PSD na amostra estudada.
Métodos Ao todo, 70 crianças e adolescentes com diabetes tipo 1 foram submetidos ao estudo de condução neural (ECN) do nervo sural. Amostras de saliva foram coletadas para extração de DNA e genotipagem dos polimorfismos MTHFR C677T e IL-4 I3VNTR.
Resultados A prevalência de PSD foi de 15,71%. Os participantes com PSD apresentaram níveis médios maiores de hemoglobina glicada, triglicerídeos, colesterol total, e colesterol de lipoproteínas de baixa densidade (low-density lipoprotein, LDL, em inglês) (p > 0,05). As amplitudes do ECN foram menores nos indivíduos com PSD (p = 0,00). A média da velocidade do ECN foi menor nas pessoas com genótipo A1A1 (p = 0,02). Histórico materno e paterno de diabetes nos bisavós esteve associado à PSD (p = 0,04 e 0,02, respectivamente). Não encontramos associação entre os genótipos investigados e a PSD. A hemoglobina glicada e a diminuição do reflexo aquileu foram associados ao genótipo MTHFR CC (p = 0,04 e 0,05, respectivamente), e o colesterol de lipoproteínas de alta densidade (high-density lipoprotein, HDL, em inglês) foi associado ao genótipo MTHFR CT (p = 0,05).
Conclusão Neste estudo, não encontramos associação entre o polimorfismo C677T do gene MTHFR e o polimorfismo I3VNTR do gene IL-4. No entanto, o estudo fornece outras associações e sugere possíveis implicações para esses achados.
Keywords
Diabetic Neuropathies - Child - Adolescent - Polymorphism, Genetic - Interleukin-4 - Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2)Palavras-chave
Neuropatias Diabéticas - Criança - Adolescente - Polimorfismo Genético - Interleucina-4 - Metilenotetra-hidrofolato Redutase (NADPH2)Authors' Contributions
RGRS: conceptualization, data curation, formal analysis, investigation, methodology, project administration, resources, software, supervision, validation, visualization, writing – original draft, and writing – review & editing; MACL: data curation, formal analysis, funding acquisition, investigation, methodology, project administration, resources, validation, visualization, writing – original draft, and writing – review & editing; CMM: data curation, investigation, methodology, project administration, validation, visualization, writing – original draft, and writing – review & editing; JLL, LNRC: investigation, methodology, project administration, visualization, writing – original draft, and writing – review & editing; DSS: data curation, investigation, methodology, project administration, visualization, writing – original draft, and writing – review & editing; MGR: conceptualization, funding acquisition, methodology, project administration, resources, supervision, visualization, writing – original draft, and writing – review & editing. All authors have made relevant contributions to this manuscript, are fully aware of its content, and agree with the version submitted for publication.
Support
The authors declare that the present study was funded by Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq).
Editor-in-Chief: Hélio A. G. Teive.
Associate Editor: Wilson Marques Jr.
Publication History
Received: 10 May 2024
Accepted: 14 August 2024
Article published online:
15 December 2024
© 2024. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
Thieme Revinter Publicações Ltda.
Rua do Matoso 170, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, CEP 20270-135, Brazil
Raquel Garcia Rocco da Silva, Marcelo A. Costa Lima, Claudia de Melo Moura, Jorge Luiz Luescher, Ludmila Nascimento Rodrigues Campos, Daniel de Souza e Silva, Márcia Gonçalves Ribeiro. Association of interleukin 4 and MTHFR gene polymorphisms with distal symmetrical polyneuropathy in young diabetics. Arq Neuropsiquiatr 2024; 82: s00441793931.
DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1793931
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