BREAST SARCOMA IN YOUNG ADULT: CASE REPORT

Presentation of the case: Patient F.P.C.A., 21 years old, female, 8 months ago reports the presence of a bulky nodule of 3 cm in the left breast. Upon physical examination, it evidenced an accelerated growth of the nodule. It was referred to the ambulatory of Mastologia, where a USG was requested, informing nodule in left breast, measuring 4.9×4.1cm, report BI-RADS VAT. The anatomopathological evidenced nuclear pleomorphism suggesting: benign phyloid tumor. Without the study of immunohistochemistry, the young woman was submitted to a left quadrantectomy. Thus, 4 months ago, the patient performed the self-examination and, was referred to the oncologic reference center, where chest x-rays were requested, Chest CT, upper abdomen CT and bone scintigraphy. The results were of rounded lesions with lobulated contours, measuring about 4.1×4.1cm in the left breast. In view of this result, a simple mastectomy was performed in the left breast with the resection of part of the pectoral muscle as a safety margin. The anatomopathological presented fusocellular sarcoma of high grade. Finally, the immunohistochemical study confirmed for malignant neoplasia sarcomatoid of high grade that before the anatomo-contextcan correspond to a tumor Filoide maligna. Case Discussion: Breast sarcomas are rare neoplasms of low incidence, aggressive and high risk of metastatic dissemination. They present different morphological patterns of the mesenchymal lineage and correspond to less than 1% of malignant breast neoplasms. Generally it affects people at the fifth and sixth age, however, the rarity of the case is extremely relevant for the age group of the 21-year-old patient. The histological type, clinical characteristics and imaging of the breast sarcoma are non-specific, which complicates the early diagnosis and affects the prognosis, due to the extension of the treatment. Thus, In order to avoid an erroneous diagnosis, histopathological examination with immunohistochemical confirmation is extremely important. The treatment for this type of cancer is primarily the simple mastectomy with or without pectoral muscle resection. Final considerations:It is evident that high-grade breast sarcoma poses a challenge to oncologic treatment since it is a type of neoplasm rare, aggressive and of bad prognosis. Thus, The importance of reporting new cases associated with the literature review is verified for the accomplishment of an early diagnosis and a specific treatment.

Publication History

Article published online:
23 October 2019