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CC BY 4.0 · Eur J Dent
DOI: 10.1055/s-0045-1802567
Original Article

Impact of Dry Mouth and Factors Associated with Sarcopenia on Oral Health-Related Quality of Life in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients

Natcha Boonyapratheeprat
1   Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
,
Kununya Pimolbutr
1   Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
,
Dulyapong Rungraungrayabkul
1   Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
,
Sasiwimon Meenetkum
2   Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
3   Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
,
Sarinya Boongird
3   Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
,
Piyatida Chuengsaman
4   Banphaeo-Charoenkrung Peritoneal Dialysis Center, Banphaeo Dialysis Group, Banphaeo Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
,
Nis Okuma
1   Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
,
Supanee Thanakun 
5   Division of Oral Diagnostic Science, College of Dental Medicine, Rangsit University, Pathum Thani, Thailand
,
Chagriya Kitiyakara
3   Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
,
Sujiwan Seubbuk Sangkhamanee 
1   Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Abstract

Objectives This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL), its associated factors, and the prevalence of possible sarcopenia in Thai well-maintained patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD).

Materials and Methods Data were collected from 63 participants undergoing PD at Banphaeo-Charoenkrung Hemodialysis Center. Dry mouth was evaluated through unstimulated salivary flow rate measurement and self-reported xerostomia questionnaires. OHRQoL was assessed using the Thai version of Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14).

Statistical Analysis Statistical analyses were conducted using IBM SPSS Statistics version 21.0. Descriptive statistics summarized participant characteristics, and normality was tested with the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test. Continuous variables were expressed as medians and interquartile ranges, while categorical variables were presented as frequencies and percentages. The Mann–Whitney U test and Fisher's exact test were used to assess differences between OHRQoL groups. Partial Spearman's rank correlation examined variable relationships, and logistic regression identified factors linked to a higher negative impact on OHRQoL, adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, chair stand test, and salivary flow rate. A p-value of < 0.05 was considered significant.

Results The median age was 59 years (range 27–79), with a possible sarcopenia prevalence of 52.4%. OHIP-14 scores ranged from 0 to 32, with medians of 4 and 13 in a lower (n = 31) and higher (n = 32) negative impact on OHRQoL, respectively. Those with a higher negative impact on OHRQoL exhibited a significantly higher proportion of self-reported xerostomia (p = 0.01), lower salivary flow rate (p = 0.01), and longer 5-time chair stand test (p = 0.04) compared to individuals with the lower negative impact on OHRQoL. Correlation between the time of the chair stand test and the handgrip strength adjusting for age (r = –0.439, p < 0.001) and sex (r = –0.351, p = 0.006) was revealed. Multivariate logistic regression showed a significant association between salivary flow rate and a higher negative impact on OHRQoL (odds ratio 0.018; 95% confidence interval: 0.001, 0.545; p = 0.02).

Conclusion This finding suggests that reduced salivary flow affected OHRQoL in well-maintained ESRD patients with PD, highlighting the importance of managing dry mouth to alleviate their OHRQoL.

Keywords

end-stage renal disease - oral health-related quality of life - sarcopenia - xerostomia


Publication History

Article published online:
12 March 2025

© 2025. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, permitting unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction so long as the original work is properly cited. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

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