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CC BY 4.0 · Ibnosina Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences 2025; 17(02): 068-076
DOI: 10.1055/s-0045-1809148
Original Article

Association between CYP2A13 Polymorphisms and Lung Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Case–Control Studies

Fui-Ling Voon 
1   Faculty of Resource Science and Technology, University of Malaysia, Sarawak, Kota Samarahan, Malaysia
,
Edmund Ui-Hang Sim 
1   Faculty of Resource Science and Technology, University of Malaysia, Sarawak, Kota Samarahan, Malaysia
› Author Affiliations
Funding and Sponsorship This study was supported by the Sarawak Digital Economy Corporation (SDEC) Berhad's Translational Research Grant Programme, grant number: IRG/F07/SDEC/85162/2022.
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Abstract

Objectives

Lung cancer remains a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, with cigarette smoking as a major risk factor. Genetic variations in the cytochrome P450 family, particularly CYP2A13 polymorphisms, have been suggested to influence lung cancer susceptibility. However, their role remains unclear, particularly in relation to smoking status and regional populations differences. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the association between CYP2A13 combination and homozygous variants and lung cancer risk, stratified by smoking status and geographic region.

Materials and Methods

A comprehensive search of electronic databases (PubMed, ScienceDirect, SCOPUS, and Google Scholar) was conducted up to November 11, 2024, to identify eligible case–control studies on CYP2A13 polymorphisms and lung cancer. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were based on exposure of interest, study design, language, type of publication, and reported outcome. Data from 10 studies (2,853 lung cancer cases and 3,651 controls) were pooled to calculate odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), using a random-effects model. Subgroup analyses were performed by smoking status and geographic region. Publication bias was assessed using Egger's test and funnel plots.

Results

A significant association was observed between CYP2A13 polymorphisms and lung cancer risk in specific populations. In East Asian populations, the homozygous variant was associated with an increased lung cancer risk (pooled OR: 1.37, 95% CI: 1.13–1.66). Among smokers in Europe, the combination variant showed a pooled OR of 1.64 (95% CI: 1.21–2.23). In East Asian smokers, the homozygous variant had a pooled OR of 1.52 (95% CI: 1.17–1.96). No significant publication bias was detected.

Conclusion

This meta-analysis suggests that CYP2A13 polymorphisms may contribute to lung cancer susceptibility, with smoking serving as a key modifier. The findings are particularly relevant in East Asian and European populations, but given the heterogeneity between studies and limited sample sizes, further large-scale investigations are necessary. These insights provide a foundation for future research on CYP2A13 as a potential biomarker for lung cancer risk.

Keywords

CYP2A13 - lung cancer - genetic polymorphism - smoking - meta-analysis - East Asian - European

Data Availability Statement

The data used in this meta-analysis were obtained from publicly available case–control studies. All relevant data are cited within the manuscript, and the studies included in the analysis are referenced in the reference list. There are no additional datasets beyond those provided by the original studies.


Authors' Contributions

E.U-H.S. and F-L.V. conceptualized and designed the study. F-L.V. extracted the data and carried out the statistical analysis with support from E.U-H.S. Both authors have full access to all the data in the study and take responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis. F-L.V. produced an initial draft of the manuscript and subsequent revisions to it. E.U-H.S. and F-L.V. critically revised the manuscript for important intellectual content. Both authors approved the final version.


Compliance with Ethical Principles

The authors confirm that this review has been prepared in accordance with COPE guidelines and regulations. Given the nature of this article, ethical approval is not required.


Supplementary Material



Publication History

Article published online:
13 May 2025

© 2025. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, permitting unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction so long as the original work is properly cited. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

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