Revisão sobre fraturas osteoporóticas: Ocorrência, prevenção e consequências

Resumo

A osteoporose é uma condição metabólica que compromete a densidade e a arquitetura ósseas, o que aumenta o risco de fraturas e tem impacto na morbimortalidade. O diagnóstico envolve a densitometria óssea, em que se avalia a densidade mineral em áreas propensas a fraturas. A osteoporose primária, relacionada à idade, pode permanecer assintomática por anos, ao passo que a secundária resulta de comorbidades ou medicamentos. Cerca de 80% das mulheres brancas na pós-menopausa têm osteoporose, com expectativa de aumento com o envelhecimento. Tratamentos ortopédicos são comuns para fraturas, que são frequentemente causadas por quedas em idosos. A prevenção de fraturas é crucial, e requer políticas de saúde pública e terapias com este objetivo.

Abstract

Osteoporosis is a metabolic condition that compromises bone density and architecture, increasing the risk of fractures and impacting morbidity and mortality. The diagnosis involves bone densitometry, in which mineral density in areas prone to fractures is assessed. Primary osteoporosis is age-related and may remain asymptomatic for years, while secondary osteoporosis results from comorbidities or medications. Approximately 80% of postmenopausal Caucasian women have osteoporosis, with an expected increase with aging. Orthopedic treatments are common for fractures, which are often caused by falls in the elderly. Fracture prevention requires public health policies and therapies focused on this goal.

Palavras-chave

avaliação de risco - diagnóstico - fraturas por estresse - osteoporose - tratamento

Keywords

diagnosis - fractures, stress - osteoporosis - risk assessment - treatment

Suporte Financeiro

Os autores declaram que não receberam suporte financeiro de agências dos setores público, privado ou sem fins lucrativos para conduzir este estudo.

Publication History

Received: 19 December 2023

Accepted: 21 May 2024

Article published online:
14 June 2025

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