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CC BY 4.0 · Journal of Diabetes and Endocrine Practice
DOI: 10.1055/s-0045-1810619
Original Article

Factors of Poor Glycemic Control among Individuals with Diabetes in Atbara, Sudan

Sufian K.M. Noor
1   Department of Internal Medicine, Nile Valley University, Atbara, Sudan
,
Elssadig O.E. Sherif
2   Faculty of Medicine, Sudan International University, Khartoum, Sudan
,
Safaa Badi
3   Faculty of Pharmacy, Omdurman Islamic University, Omdurman, Sudan
,
Sawazen Malik
4   Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
,
Hatim S.A.M. Mustafa
5   Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Saudi Arabia
› Institutsangaben
Funding and Sponsorship None.
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Abstract

Background

Understanding of factors influencing diabetes control is crucial for effective interventions to improve glycemic control.

Objective

We aimed to determine poor glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) in Atbara Diabetes Centers, Sudan,

Patients and Methods

An observational, cross-sectional, multicenter-based study was conducted from June to December 2023. The study included Sudanese patients with T2D attending care centers. The sample size was 385 participants by convenience sampling. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews by a structured questionnaire.

Results

The majority of the participants were between 40 and 60 years old (47.3%), female (56.4%), married (74.3%), and living in urban areas (74.8%). Patient-related factors, such as obesity (20.8%) and sedentary lifestyles (15.1%), revealed that many participants had habits and lifestyles that negatively impacted health. However, most participants had good medication adherence and awareness of diabetes control (68.6 and 53%, respectively). Many participants reported experiencing a stressful lifestyle (52.5%). Only 51.9% had well-controlled diabetes. Age, medication adherence, and diabetes awareness were significantly associated with glycemic control. Predictors of poor glycemic control included age above 60 years, poor medication adherence, poor awareness of diabetes, and not undergoing regular monitoring.

Conclusion

Poor glycemic control is associated with inadequate self-management practices, a lack of proper education and awareness about diabetes management, limited access to healthcare services, and comorbidities. These findings should inform healthcare providers and policymakers about implementing targeted interventions to address the specific needs of individuals with T2D. By addressing these factors and implementing effective interventions, it is possible to enhance glycemic control and ultimately improve the overall health outcomes of this population.

Keywords

glycemic control - diabetes - diabetes centers - assessment - Sudan

Authors' Contributions

E.O.E.S. was involved in the conception of the research, study design, acquisition of data, and drafting the manuscript. S.K.M.N. has contributed to the research design and the critical revision of the work. S.B. analyzed the data and reviewed the final draft. S.M. and H.S.A.M.M. were involved in drafting the manuscript and in critical revision of the final draft. All authors have approved the final version to be published. All authors agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy and integrity of any part of the work are properly investigated and resolved.


All the authors approved the final version of the manuscript.


Ethical Considerations

The IRB of the Faculty of Medicine, Nile Valley University, granted ethical clearance and approval for this research. All participants provided informed consent.




Publikationsverlauf

Artikel online veröffentlicht:
05. September 2025

© 2025. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, permitting unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction so long as the original work is properly cited. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

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