Zusammenfassung
Fragestellung: Untersucht wurde der Zusammenhang zwischen dem Nachweis der Proliferationsmarker
Ki-67 (MIB 1), PCNA und p53 und der Rezidivhäufigkeit bzw. der rezidivfreien Zeit
in einer Fall-Kontroll-Studie an Karzinomen des Oropharynx und der Mundhöhle. Material und Methode: Aus einer Gruppe von 239 Patienten mit T1 - T3-Karzinomen wurden 28 Patienten mit
gesichertem Rezidiv selektiert. Diesen wurden 28 Patienten gegenübergestellt, die
in den Punkten Tumorlokalisation, Tumorstadium, Nachbeobachtungszeit und Lebensalter
nahezu identisch waren, aber kein Rezidiv erlitten hatten. Alle Patienten sind primär
operiert und anschließend bestrahlt worden. Mit immunhistochemischen Methoden wurde
der Färbeindex für Ki-67 (MIB 1), PCNA und der p53-Status bestimmt. Ergebnisse: In der Gruppe der Rezidivtumoren war der mittlere Ki-67-Färbeindex mit 59,1 % signifikant
(p = 0,032) höher als bei den nicht-rezidivierenden Karzinomen (50,5 %). Die mittlere
rezidivfreie Zeit betrug 45 Monate in den Fällen, in denen der Ki-67-Färbeindex oberhalb
des Medians der Gesamtpopulation (53,7 %) lag, gegenüber 61,7 Monate, wenn der Färbeindex
unterhalb dieses Medians lag (p = 0,029). Der PCNA-Index zeigte keine signifikante
Korrelation zur Rezidivhäufigkeit noch zur Länge der rezidivfreien Zeit. 46 % der
untersuchten Karzinome zeigten eine p53-Überexpression. Allerdings konnte kein Zusammenhang
mit der Rezidivhäufigkeit oder dem Zeitraum bis zum Auftreten eines Rezidivs gefunden
werden. Schlußfolgerung: Wir berichten über ein homogenes Kollektiv von Karzinomen des Oropharynx und der
Mundhöhle, das mit immunhistochemischen Methoden in einem kontrollierten Studienansatz
untersucht wurde. In der untersuchten Population zeigte sich der Ki-67-Proliferationsindex
als Indikator eines Therapieversagens. Wie bereits zahlreiche andere Untersucher konnten
auch wir keinen Zusammenhang zwischen dem Nachweis von p53 und PCNA und der Tumorprognose
finden. Unsere Daten, die an Patienten gewonnen wurden, die sowohl operiert als auch
bestrahlt wurden, legen den Schluß nahe, daß Ki-67 für Plattenepithelkarzinome des
Oropharynx und der Mundhöhle ein Indikator einer ungünstigen Prognose ist.
Study design: A matched-pair study on the relationship between proliferation associated markers
Ki-67, PCNA, and p53 and treatment failure in carcinomas of the oropharynx and oral
cavity. Material and Method: Fifty-six T1 - T3 carcinomas of the oropharynx or oral cavity, treated uniformly
with primary surgery and postoperative irradiation, were investigated. Twenty-eight
patients had recurrent disease and were matched with 28 patients with nonrecurrent
disease regarding stage and location of tumor as well as age and therapy. MIB1 staining
was used to determine the Ki-67 labeling index. Immunohistochemical studies determined
the p53 status and PCNA labeling index. Results: Where treatment failed, the Ki-67 labeling index was significantly (p = 0.032) higher
(mean = 59.1 %) than in patients without recurrence (mean = 50.5 %). Mean time to
relapse was 45 months (n = 25) for carcinomas with a Ki-67 (MIB1) labeling index above
the median (53.7 %) of the general study population, compared to 61.7 months for those
cases (n = 31) below this median (p = 0.029). The PCNA labeling index did not correlate
significantly with tumor recurrence, nor with time to relapse. In 46 % of all tumors,
p53 overexpression was present. No significant correlation could be found between
p53 overexpression and tumor recurrence or time to relapse. Conclusion: Examination of Ki-67 is thought to provide useful prognostic information concerning
squamous cell carcinomas of the oropharynx and oral cavity. Overexpression of p53
or PCNA status is not of prognostic value, which is consistent with earlier results.
We conclude that the detection of Ki-67 is an unfavorable prognostic factor for squamous
cell carcinoma of the oropharynx and oral cavity, at least if treated with a combination
of surgery and postoperative irradiation.
Schlüsselwörter:
Immunohistochemie - Rezidivanalyse - PCNA - MIB1 - p53 - Proliferationsmarker
Key words:
Immunohistochemistry - Squamous cell carcinoma - PCNA - MIB1 - p53 - Prognostic value
- Cell proliferation
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Dr. med. C. Sittel
Universitäts-Hals-Nasen-Ohrenklinik
50924 Köln