Prevention of surgical site infections. What is evidence-based?
Summary
Among all hospitalized patients, surgical site infections (SSI) are the third most
frequently hospital-acquired-infection. SSIs remain a substantial cause of morbidity
and mortality among surgical patients. This may be partially explained by the emergence
of antimicrobial-resistant pathogens and the increased numbers of patients who are
elderly and/or have a wide variety of chronic, debilitating, or immunocompromising
underlying diseases. This is why it is essential to implement SSI prevention measures.
In April 1999 the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) presented the “Guideline
for Prevention of Surgical Site Infection”. The recommendations represent the consensus
of the Hospital Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee (HICPAC) regarding
strategies for the prevention of SSIs. Whenever possible, the recommendations are
based on data from well-designed scientific studies. This guideline is a major step
forward and is also essential to optimize the management of surgical patients in Germany.
Zusammenfassung
Postoperative Wundinfektionen sind auch heute noch die dritthäufigste nosokomiale
Infektionsart und erhöhen die Morbidität und Letalität chirurgischer Patienten. Teilweise
läßt sich dies durch das Auftreten multiresistenter Erreger und das vermehrte Vorliegen
prädisponierender Faktoren bei den Patienten, wie erhöhtes Alter und/oder chronische
und das Immunsystem schwächende Grundkrankheiten, erklären. Daher ist die Einführung
von Präventionsmaßnahmen zur Reduktion postoperativer Wundinfektionen von besonderer
Bedeutung. Im April 1999 veröffentlichten die Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
(CDC) aus den USA Empfehlungen zur Prävention von Wundinfektionen. Diese Empfehlungen
wurden vom Hospital Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee (HICPAC) zur Vermeidung
von Wundinfektionen in der Chirurgie entwickelt. Die Empfehlungen basieren im wesentlichen
auf Erkenntnissen aus gut geplanten wissenschaftlichen Studien. Sie stellen einen
großen Fortschritt bei der Entwicklung von Präventionsmaßnahmen dar und werden, da
sie auch für die Behandlung chirurgischer Patienten in Deutschland essentiell sind,
hier vorgestellt.
Key words
Surgical site infection - prevention - guideline - evidence-based - quality assurance
Schlüsselwörter
Postoperative Wundinfektionen - Prävention - Leitlinie - evidence-based - Qualitätssicherung
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1
1 Zusammengefaßte Übersetzung der 1999 veröffentlichten HICPAC-Empfehlungen zur Prävention
postoperativer Wundinfektionen
2
2 Weiterführende Informationen hierzu können unter der Autorenadresse angefordert werden
Christine Geffers
Zentralbereich Krankenhaushygiene und Infektionsprävention Charité
Heubnerweg 6 (Haus II)
D-14059 Berlin
Phone: Tel.: 0 30/45 06 10 01
Fax: Fax: 0 30/45 06 19 00