Zusammenfassung
Psychotherapeutische Ansätze in der Suchtbehandlung sind weit
verbreitet, aber bisher wenig wissenschaftlich evaluiert worden. Es werden
zunächst therapeutische Settings und Ansätze als auch Qualitäten
der Therapeuten beschrieben, die sich in der Psychotherapie bewährt haben.
Anschließend werden drei verhaltenstherapeutische Modelle für
Kokainabhängigkeit dargestellt: individuelle Drogenberatung, kognitive
Verhaltenstherapie, gemeindenahes Verstärkermodell. Zuletzt werden die
vier Interventionen der NIDA-Kokain-Therapiestudie evaluiert, die alle zu einer
Reduzierung des Konsums und Verbesserungen in anderen Bereichen
führten.
Abstract
Psychotherapeutic interventions are frequently used in addiction
treatment, however they have been seldomly evaluated. This paper presents
therapeutic settings and techniques as well as qualities of therapists, that
have shown to be effective. It further describes three behavioral models for
cocaine dependence: individual drug counseling, cognitive-behavioral therapy,
community reinforcement approach. Then the four interventions in the
NIDA-cocaine-treatment study are evaluated, which all led to a reduction of
cocaine use and improvements in other areas.
Schlüsselwörter
Psychotherapie - Kognitive
Verhaltenstherapie - Kokainabhängigkeit
Key words
Psychotherapy - Cognitive Behavioral
Therapy - Cocaine Dependence
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