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DOI: 10.1055/s-2002-32771
Neuro-psychiatrische Nebenwirkungen von Interferon-alpha bei Drogenabhängigen: Ursachen, Häufigkeit und Therapie
Neuro-Psychiatric Side Effects of Interferon-Alpha in Drug Addicts: Reasons, Frequency, and TherapyPublication History
Publication Date:
11 July 2002 (online)

Zusammenfassung
Interferon-alpha (IFN-α) ist die bisher effektivste Wirksubstanz zur Behandlung der chronischen Hepatitis C (cHC). Mehr als ⅔ der Patienten mit Drogenabhängigkeit sind chronisch mit dem Hepatitis-C-Virus infiziert. Erschwerend für eine Therapie bei Suchtpatienten ist die Tatsache, dass häufig anzutreffende psychiatrische Zusatzerkrankungen oder die Drogenabhängigkeit selbst eine relative Kontraindikation für eine Behandlung mit IFN-α darstellt. Grund dafür ist das möglicherweise erhöhte Risiko, schwerwiegende psychiatrische Nebenwirkungen und Rückfälle in den intravenösen Drogenmissbrauch mit Reinfektionsgefahr zu entwickeln. In dieser Arbeit werden neuropsychiatrische Nebenwirkungen von IFN-α bei Suchtpatienten und spezifische Behandlungsmöglichkeiten dargestellt. Psychiatrische Komorbiditäten bei Suchtpatienten sollten bei interdisziplinärer Zusammenarbeit keine Kontraindikation gegen eine Behandlung der cHC sein.
Abstract
Interferon-alpha (IFN-α) is the only effective treatment for chronic hepatitis C (HCV). Over 2/3 of patients with drug addiction suffer from chronic hepatitis C but a history of psychiatric disorders or drug addiction is still seen as a contraindication for IFN-α because of a possible increased risk of severe psychiatric side effects such as depression and suicide attempts. Because of the similarity between somatic and psychiatric side affects of IFN-α and withdrawal symptoms, the risk of drug or alcohol relapse is increased during HCV treatment. In this paper, special problems and therapeutic strategies to manage psychiatric side effects during IFN-α treatment in patients with drug addiction are discussed. In an interdisciplinary setting, psychiatric comorbidities in drug addicts should not prevent patients from interferon-alpha treatment.
Schlüsselwörter
Drogen - Hepatitis C - Interferon-alpha - psychiatrische Nebenwirkungen
Key words
Drugs - Hepatitic C - Interferon-alpha - Psychiatric side effects
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Dr. med. Martin Schäfer
Psychiatrische Klinik und Poliklinik, Charité,
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Schumannstraße 20/21
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Email: martin.schaefer@charite.de