Assessment of AOS for Treatment Planning

Kirrie J. Ballard; Donald A. Robin

doi:10.1055/s-2002-35801

Seminars in Speech and Language, Inhaltsverzeichnis

Semin Speech Lang 2002; 23(4): 281-292
DOI: 10.1055/s-2002-35801

Assessment of AOS for Treatment Planning

Kirrie J. Ballard¹ , Donald A. Robin²

¹Department of Speech Pathology and Audiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
²Department of Communicative Disorders, San Diego State University and Joint Doctoral Program in Language and Communication Disorders, University of California at San Diego and San Diego State University, San Diego, California

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Assessment of speech involves profiling a disorder, possibly at multiple levels, as well as interpreting that information to determine direction for treatment. Assessment of perceptual, acoustic, and physiological characteristics of apraxic speech is discussed, identifying the specific information that is contributed at each level. A combination of methods is advocated because each level of analysis provides the clinician with unique information. Perceptual analyses identify deviations from normal-sounding speech, whereas acoustic and physiological analyses can help provide insight into the underlying cause of perceptual abnormality. The latter can also identify abnormality that may not be detected perceptually but may be interfering with performance. Applications of the different assessment levels and methods to developing treatments and measuring outcome are addressed.

KEYWORDS

Apraxia of speech - assessment - motor speech disorder

Volltext

Referenzen

REFERENCES

1 McNeil M R, Robin D A, Schmidt R A. Apraxia of speech: definition, differentiation, and treatment. In: McNeil MR, ed. Clinical Management of Sensorimotor Speech Disorders New York: Thieme 1997: 311-344
2 Dogil G, Mayer J. Selective phonological impairment: a case of apraxia of speech. Phonology . 1998; 15 143-188
3 Crary M A, Landess S, Town R. Phonological error patterns in developmental verbal dyspraxia. J Clin Neuropsychol . 1984; 6 157-170
4 Yorkston K M, Beukelman D R. Assessment of Intelligibility of Dysarthric Speech. Tigard, OR: CC Publications; 1981
5 Darley F L, Aronson A E, Brown J R. Clusters of deviant speech dimensions in dysarthria. J Speech Hear Res . 1969; 12 462-496
6 Darley F L, Aronson A E, Brown J R. Differential diagnostic patterns of dysarthria. J Speech Hear Res . 1969; 12 246-269
7 Dabul B L. Apraxia Battery for Adults-2. Austin, TX: Pro-Ed 2000
8 Yorkston K M, Beukelman D R, Bell K R. Clinical Management of Dysarthric Speakers. Boston, MA: Little Brown 1988
9 Miller N. Pronunciation errors in acquired speech disorders: the errors of our ways. Eur J Disord Commun. 1995; 30 346-362
10 Eplin J, Kent R D. Reliability of auditory-perceptual scaling of dysarthria. In: Robin DA, Yorkston KM, Beukelman DR, eds. Disorders of Motor Speech: Assessment, Treatment, and Clinical Characterization Baltimore, MD: Paul H Brookes 1996: 145-154
11 Ludlow C L, Bassich C J, Connor N P. An objective system for assessment and analysis of dysarthric speech. In: Darby JK, ed. Speech and Language Evaluation in Neurology: Adult Disorders Orlando, FL: Grune and Stratton 1985: 393-425
12 Johns D F, Darley F L. Phonemic variability in apraxia of speech. J Speech Hear Res . 1970; 13 556-583
13 Odell K, McNeil M R, Rosenbek J C, Hunter L. Perceptual characteristics of consonant production by apraxic speakers. J Speech Hear Dis . 1990; 55 345-359
14 Haley K L, Bays G L, Ohde R N. Phonetic properties of aphasic-apraxic speech: a modified narrow transcription analysis. Aphasiology . 2001; 15 1125-1142
15 Zyski B J, Weisiger B E. Identification of dysarthria types based on perceptual analysis. J Commun Dis . 1987; 20 367-378
16 Duffy J R. Motor Speech Disorders: Substrates, Differential Diagnosis, and Management. St. Louis, MO: Mosby 1995
17 Leuschel A, Docherty G J. Prosodic assessment of dysarthria: effects of sampling task and issues of variability. In: Robin DA, Yorkston KM, Beukelman DR, eds. Disorders of Motor Speech: Assessment, Treatment, and Clinical Characterization Baltimore, MD: Paul H Brookes 1996: 155-178
18 Kent R D, McNeil M R. Relative timing of sentence repetition in apraxia of speech and conduction aphasia. In: Ryalls JH, ed. Phonetic Approaches to Speech Production in Aphasia and Related Disorders Boston, MA: College-Hill Press 1987: 181-220
19 Seddoh S, Robin D A, Sim H-S. Speech timing in apraxia of speech versus conduction aphasia. J Speech Hear Res . 1996; 39 590-603
20 Liss J M, Weismer G. Acoustic analysis in the study of motor speech disorders. J Acoust Soc Am . 1992; 92 2984-2987
21 Liss J M, Weismer G. Selected acoustic characteristics of contrastive stress production in control geriatric, apraxic, and ataxic dysarthric speakers. Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics . 1994; 8 45-66
22 McNeil M R, Doyle P J, Wambaugh J L. Apraxia of speech: a treatable disorder of motor planning and programming. In: Nadeau SE, Gonzalez-Rothi LJ, Crosson B, eds. Aphasia and Language: Theory to Practice New York: Guilford Press 2000: 221-266
23 Ballard K J, Granier J, Robin D A. Understanding the nature of apraxia of speech: theory, analysis, and treatment. Aphasiology . 2000; 14 969-995
24 Blumstein S E, Cooper W E, Goodglass H, Statlender S, Gottlieb J. Production deficits in aphasia: a voice-onset time analysis. Brain Lang . 1980; 9 153-170
25 Code C, Ball M J. Fricative production in Broca's aphasia: a spectrographic analysis. Journal of Phonetics . 1982; 10 325-331
26 Kent R D, Rosenbek J C. Acoustic patterns of apraxia of speech. J Speech Hear Res . 1983; 26 231-249
27 Pirello K, Blumstein S E, Kurowski K. The characteristics of voicing in syllable-initial fricatives in American English. J Acoust Soc Am . 1997; 101 3754-3765
28 Wambaugh J L, West J E, Doyle P J. A VOT analysis of apraxic/aphasic voicing errors. Aphasiology . 1997; 11 521-532
29 Ballard K J. Treatment of Interarticulator Coordination in Apraxia of Speech. Poster presented at the Clinical Aphasiology Conference; May 29-June 2, 2001; Sante Fe, NM
30 Ludlow C L, Bassich C J. The results of perceptual and acoustic assessment of two types of dysarthria. In: Berry WR, ed. Clinical Dysarthria San Diego, CA: College-Hill Press 1983: 121-154
31 Ludlow C L, Bassich C J. Relationships between perceptual ratings and acoustic measures of hypokinetic speech. In: McNeil MR, Rosenbek JC, Aronson A, eds. The Dysarthrias: Physiology, Acoustics, Perception, Management San Diego, CA: College-Hill Press 1984: 163-196
32 Kent R D, Weismer G, Kent J F, Rosenbek J C. Towards phonetic intelligibility testing in dysarthria. J Speech Hear Dis . 1989; 54 482-499
33 Bunton K, Weismer G. The relationship between perception and acoustics for a high-low vowel contrast produced by speakers with dysarthria. J Speech Lang Hear . 2001; 44 1215-1228
34 Theodorus D G, Murdoch B E, Ward E C. Laryngeal and respiratory dysfunction in multiple sclerosis. In: Murdoch BE, Theodorus DG, eds. Speech and Language Disorders in Multiple Sclerosis London: Whurr Publications 2000: 64-79
35 Hageman C F, Robin D A, Moon J B, Folkins J W. Visuomotor tracking in neurogenic disorders. Paper presented at the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association Convention; November 19-23, 1992; 1993; San Antonio, TX
36 Hageman C F, Robin D A, Moon J B, Folkins J W. Oral motor tracking in normal and apraxic speakers. Clinical Aphasiology . 1994; 22 219-229
37 Ballard K J, Robin D A. Apraxia: a disorder of developing or implementing movement patterns?. Paper presented at the Clinical Aphasiology Conference; May 27-31, 2000; Kona, Hawaii
38 Robin D A, Bean C, Folkins J W. Lip movement in apraxia of speech. J Speech Hear Res . 1989; 32 512-523
39 Kent R D, Adams S G. The concept and measurement of coordination in speech disorders. In: Wallace SA ed. Perspectives on the Coordination of Movement North-Holland: Elsevier Science Publishers 1989: 415-451
40 Itoh M, Sasanuma S, Ushijima T. Velar movements during speech in a patient with apraxia of speech. Brain Lang . 1979; 7 227-239
41 Fromm D, Abbs J H, McNeil M R, Rosenbek J C. Simultaneous perceptual-physiological method for studying apraxia of speech. Clinical Aphasiology . 1982; 10 251-262
42 Konno K, Sugishita M, Hirose H. Articulatory movements in apraxia of speech. In: Annual Bulletin No 21. Research Institute of Logopedics and Phoniatrics. University of Tokyo 1987: 177-191
43 Ballard K J, Forrest K, Lamb A. Examination and treatment of inter-articulator coordination in acquired apraxia of speech. Paper presented at the Convention of the American Speech, Language, and Hearing Association; November 15-18, 2001; New Orleans, LA
44 Ballard K J. Response generalization in apraxia of speech treatments: taking another look. J Commun Disord . 2001; 34 3-20
45 Wambaugh J L, Cort R C. Treatment for AOS: perceptual and VOT changes in sound productions. Poster presented at the Motor Speech Conference; 1998; Tucson, AZ
46 Howard S, Varley R. Using electropalatography to treat severe acquired apraxia of speech. Eur J Disord Commun . 1995; 30 246-255
47 Katz W F, Bharadwaj S V, Carstens B. Electromagnetic articulography treatment for an adult with Broca's aphasia and apraxia of speech. J Speech Lang Hear . 1999; 42 1355-1366
48 Kent R D, Kent J. Task-based profiles of the dysarthrias. Folia Phoniatr Logop . 2000; 52 48-53
49 Robin D A, Moon J, Folkins J W. Kinematic analysis of apraxic speakers: are we measuring the wrong stuff?. Paper presented at the Clinical Aphasiology Conference; June 2-5, 1996; Newport, RI
50 Flamme G A. Examination of the validity of auditory traits and tests. Trends in Amplification . 2001; 5 111-138
51 Shuster L I, Wambaugh J L. Perceptual and acoustic analyses of speech sound errors in apraxia of speech accompanied by aphasia. Aphasiology . 2000; 14 635-651
52 Kent R D. Hearing and believing: Some limits to the auditory-perceptual assessment of speech and voice disorders. Am J Speech Lang Pathol . 1996; 5 7-23
53 Gerratt B R, Till J A, Rosenbek J C, Wertz R T, Boysen A E. Use and perceived value of perceptual and instrumental measures in dysarthria management. In: Moore C, Yorkston K, Beukelman D, eds. Dysarthria and Apraxia of Speech: Perspectives on Management Baltimore, MD: Paul H Brookes 1991: 77-94
54 Lisker L, Abramson A S. A cross-language study of voicing in initial stops: Acoustical measurements. Word . 1964; 20 384-422

1 *In the more severe cases of AOS, when time for treatment is limited, or if the patient chooses, the clinician may select a treatment approach that focuses on compensation (e.g., alternative communication modes). Such treatments are not directly involved with influencing the motor speech system and so are not considered here.