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DOI: 10.1055/s-2002-36179
Schlafqualität und Tagesschläfrigkeit bei substituierten drogenabhängigen Patienten
Eine anonymisierte bundesweite FragebogenstudieSleep Quality and Daytime Sleepiness in Drug Addicts Receiving Opioid Maintenance TherapyAnonymous Questionnaire Based Nationwide Study in the Federal Republic of Germany.Publication History
Publication Date:
19 December 2002 (online)

Zusammenfassung
Wir führten eine Fragebogenstudie zu Schlafstörungen bei substituierten Drogenabhängigen an 34 Substitutionspraxen durch; 597 Patienten wurden eingeschlossen. Der Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index und die Epworth Sleepiness Scale wurden eingesetzt. Substitutionspatienten mit Ausnahme von DHC weisen eine signifikant schlechtere Schlafqualität auf. Patienten unter Naltrexon unterscheiden sich nicht signifikant von der Kontrollgruppe, Buprenorphinpatienten zeigen eine Tendenz zu besserer Schlafqualität im Vergleich zu Methadon/Levomethadon. Die Medikamentendosis war positiv mit schlechterer Schlafqualität korreliert. Somit müssen pharmakologische Effekte als Ursache für Schlafstörungen in Betracht gezogen werden. Kontrollierte prospektive Studien sind notwendig, insbesondere die Ergebnisse für DHC sowie die Hinweise für bessere Schlafqualität unter Buprenorphin sollten weiter verfolgt werden.
Abstract
Sleep disturbances in patients receiving opioid maintenance therapy (OMT) is an often observed phenomenon.There are few data about the frequency and the circumstances of sleep disturbance among these patients. Therefore we performed a study using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale. 597 patients and 104 controls were evaluated. Patients under OMT had a significant worse sleep quality excepting patients receiving dihydrocodeine and former drug addicts under naltrexone. Patients receiving buprenorphine showed a tendency towards better sleep quality compared to those receiving methadone/levomethadone. Consumption of alcohol and dosage of medication positively correlated with impaired sleep quality. We conclude, that pharmacologic effects, caused by opioid medication, may be partly responsible for sleep disturbance. Prospective and controlled studies are needed, especially to define the role of dihydrocodeine and buprenorphine in sleep disturbed opiate addicts.
Schlüsselwörter
Schlafqualität - Schlafstörung - Tagesschläfrigkeit - Methadon - Drogenabhängigkeit - Opioidsubstitutionstherapie
Key words
Sleep quality - sleep disturbance - daytime sleepiness - methadone - drug addiction - opioid maintenance therapy
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