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DOI: 10.1055/s-2003-39106
Herausforderungen bei der HIV-Langzeitbetreuung[1]
Challenges in the care of HIV-infected personsPublication History
eingereicht: 4.12.2002
akzeptiert: 27.2.2003
Publication Date:
08 May 2003 (online)

Der Verlauf der HIV-Infektion hat sich in den letzten 6 Jahren in den reichen Ländern des Westens grundlegend verändert. Die Einführung der so genannten hoch aktiven antiretroviralen Therapie (HAART), einer Kombination von mindestens drei gegen HIV wirksamer Virostatika, war die Ursache eines massiven Rückgangs des Auftretens von AIDS und der Sterblichkeit an Spätfolgen der HIV-Infektion [14] [39].
Die Betreuung HIV-Infizierter erfordert ein Verständnis der psychosozialen Situation dieser Langzeitpatienten, eine gute Kenntnis der antiretroviralen Therapiemodalitäten und der Möglichkeiten der Prophylaxe und Therapie opportunistischer Krankheiten. Trotz verbesserter Behandlungsmöglichkeiten ist die Diagnose HIV-Infektion weiterhin ein einschneidendes Ereignis im Leben der Betroffenen und ein stabiles soziales Netz sowie eine gute Langzeitbetreuung sind deshalb wichtig.
Die Verfügbarkeit und Anwendung der neuen antiretroviralen Therapien bringt aber neue Herausforderungen. Der Zeitpunkt des Beginns und die individuell richtige Medikamentenkombination einer Therapie müssen gewählt werden. Nebenwirkungen und Interaktionen dieser neuen Medikamente müssen beachtet und das Versagen einer Therapie frühzeitig erkannt und ein Wechsel der Medikamente richtig geplant werden.
Noch immer erkranken HIV-Infizierte an opportunistischen Krankheiten, welche spezielle diagnostische Schritte erfordern und deren Behandlung teilweise schwierig ist. Auch müssen die Richtlinien zur Prophylaxe opportunistischer Infektionen aufgrund des veränderten Verlaufs der HIV-Infektion neu definiert werden.
Durch den Zusammenschluss aller größeren schweizerischen Behandlungszentren und praktizierenden Ärzten in der Schweizerischen HIV Kohorten Studie (SHCS) (www.shcs.ch) ist es gelungen, landesweit einen uniform hohen Standard in der Betreuung HIV-Infizierter zu erreichen und gleichzeitig diesen Standard ständig wissenschaftlich zu evaluieren [47]
1 Diese Arbeit wurde durch den Schweizerischen Nationalfonds (Grant 3345-062041) unterstützt
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1 Diese Arbeit wurde durch den Schweizerischen Nationalfonds (Grant 3345-062041) unterstützt
Priv.-Doz. Dr. med. Hansjakob Furrer
Ambulatorium für Infektionskrankheiten
Inselspital PKT2B
CH-3010 Bern
Phone: +41/31/6322745
Email: Hansjakob.furrer@insel.ch