Einfluss sportlicher Aktivität von Kindern und Jugendlichen auf den Kalkaneus - Eine Untersuchung mit quantitativem Ultraschall

Zusammenfassung

Ziel: Bestimmung der quantitativen Ultraschallparameter Schallgeschwindigkeit (SOS) und Schallabsorption (BUA) am Kalkaneus bei Sportschülern im Vergleich zur Referenzpopulation. Patienten und Methoden: 177 Kinder eines Sportgymnasiums (121 Knaben und 56 Mädchen; Alter 11 - 18 Jahre) wurden am Kalkaneus mit dem Ultraschallsystem Sahara™ (Hologic, USA) untersucht und die quantitativen Ultraschallparameter SOS und BUA ermittelt. Mithilfe regionaler Referenzwerte von 3299 Kindern wurden Unterschiede zu alters- und geschlechtsgematchten Probanden bestimmt. Erfasst wurden Sportart und Anzahl der Trainingseinheiten (TE) sowie Körperhöhe, -gewicht und Alter. Ergebnisse: Die Sportschüler zeigten signifikant (p < 0,05) höhere Parameter (SOS 1581,1m/s; BUA 69,7dB/MHz) im Vergleich zur Referenzgruppe (SOS 1563,9m/s; BUA 64,2dB/MHz). BUA korrelierte signifikant (p < 0,01) mit Anzahl der TE, Alter, Gewicht und Körperhöhe; SOS korrelierte signifikant (p < 0,05) mit Körpergewicht und -höhe. Signifikante Korrelationen zu Alter und Gewicht für BUA wurden bei Fußballern und Leichtathleten (p < 0,05) und Ringern und Judoka (p < 0,01) beobachtet; zur Anzahl der TE konnte nur bei Ringern und Judoka eine signifikante Korrelation (p < 0,01) für BUA festgestellt werden. Schlussfolgerung: Die Ultraschallparameter SOS und BUA am Kalkaneus können Unterschiede zwischen Sportschülern und einer Referenzgruppe aufzeigen. Sportschüler zeigen signifikant höhere QUS-Parameter.

Abstract

Purpose: To determine whether quantitative ultrasound (QUS) parameters speed of sound (SOS) and broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA) on the calcaneus are different between athletic children and a reference population. Patients and Methods: From a college of physical education, 177 children and adolescents (121 boys and 56 girls, age range from 11 to 18 years) were included in this study. QUS was performed on the calcaneus using the Sahara™ device (Hologic, USA). SOS and BUA were estimated. Regional reference values of 3299 children were used to determine significant differences between athletes and reference population. The influence of activitiy level, age, height, and weight was estimated using correlation analysis. Results: Sportsmen showed significant (p < 0.05) higher values of the QUS parameters (SOS 1581.1 m/s; BUA 69.7 dB/MHz) compared to the reference data (SOS 1563.9 m/s; BUA 64.2 dB/MHz). Significant correlation was observed between BUA and the level of activity, age, weight, and height (p < 0.01) and between SOS and weight and height (p < 0.05). In the group of soccer players and athlets, significant correlation was found between BUA vs. age and BUA vs. weight (p < 0.05). Furthermore, significant corelation was observed between BUA vs. age and weight in judokas and wrestlers. For the level of activity, a significant correlation to BUA was only found in the group of judokas and wrestlers (p < 0.01). Conclusion: An increase in quantitative ultrasound parameters on the calcaneus occurs in children and adolescents with increased physical activity.

Key words

Quantitative ultrasound - physical activity - athlets - childhood and adolescents

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