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Laryngorhinootologie 2005; 84: 92-105
DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-861129
Gestörte Riech- und Schmeckfunktion
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Gestörte Riech- und Schmeckfunktion
Therapieoptionen bei Riech- und Schmeckstörungen

A.  Welge-Lüssen1
  • 1Universitätsspital Basel, Hals-Nasen-Ohrenklinik (Prof. Dr. R. Probst)
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Publikationsverlauf

Publikationsdatum:
22. April 2005 (online)

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Zusammenfassung

Riechstörungen treten bei etwa 1 % der Bevölkerung auf und stellen eine erhebliche Beeinträchtigung der Lebensqualität dar. Quantitative Störungen (Hyposmie, Anosmie) werden von qualitativen (Parosmie, Phantosmie) unterschieden. Die Klassifikation von Riechstörungen erfolgt anhand ihrer Ätiologie, ebenso wie die Therapie. Im hals-nasen-ohrenärztlichen Patientengut sind Riechstörungen sinunasaler Ätiologie am häufigsten, gefolgt von postviralen Riechstörungen. Als Therapiemaßnahmen stehen topische und systemische Steroide zur Verfügung, wobei systemische besser zu wirken scheinen. Der Erfolg einer operativen Therapie in Bezug auf die Verbesserung des Riechvermögens ist nicht eindeutig vorhersagbar und in den meisten Fällen fraglich. Isolierte Schmeckstörungen sind deutlich seltener und treten meist im Rahmen einer Begleiterkrankung oder als Nebenwirkung eines Medikamentes auf. Die detaillierte Anamnese ist richtungsweisend, insbesondere um eine wirksame Therapie einzusetzen. In Einzelfällen kann Zink therapeutisch von Nutzen sein.

Schlüsselwörter

Riechstörungen - Schmeckstörungen - Ätiologie - Therapiemaßnahmen

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PD Dr. Antje Welge-Lüssen

Universitätsspital Basel, Hals-Nasen-Ohrenklinik

Petersgraben 4 · CH 4031 Basel · Schweiz

eMail: awelge@uhbs.ch

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