Zusammenfassung
In der neuen Approbationsordnung ist die praxisorientierte Ausbildung der Medizinstudierenden
stark in den Mittelpunkt gerückt. Unter den veränderten Bedingungen der Patientenversorgung
(Konzentration schwer kranker Patienten an Universitätskliniken, stark verkürzte Verweildauer)
wird es zunehmend schwierig, diese Aufgaben mit realen Patienten zu erfüllen. Mit
Simulationspatienten (SP) kann eine quasi reale und gleichzeitig sicherere Lernumgebung
für die Studierenden geschaffen und eine sinnvolle Ergänzung des praktischen Unterrichtes
erreicht werden. Somit wird durch den Einsatz von SP der Erwerb klinischer Kompetenzen
sowie ihre Überprüfung stark erweitert. Hierzu gehören Techniken der körperlichen
Untersuchung, Anamneseerhebung, Gesprächsführung und psychosoziale Kompetenzen im
Umgang mit Patienten.
Abstract
The new German requirements for Licensure to practice medicine focus on teaching clinical
skills. It will become difficult for Medical Schools to fulfil these new requirements
in the training of medical students with the increasing cost effectiveness in patient
care. Standardized patients can be a very useful tool in teaching clinical skills.
Implementation of a standardized patients program provides a quasi-real but safe learning
environment in which students can acquire skills in physical examination, history
taking, interpersonal and communication skills. These skills can also be assessed
in this environment.
Key words
Standardized patient - simulated patient - communication skills
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Dr. med. Heiderose Ortwein
Charité · Universitätsmedizin Berlin · Klinik für Anästhesie und operative Intensivmedizin
Schumannstraße 20/21
10117 Berlin
eMail: heiderose.ortwein@charite.de