Zusammenfassung
Alle medizinisch-therapeutischen Berufsgruppen (z. B. Physiotherapeuten, Ergotherapeuten,
Ärzte) sind laut Sozialgesetzbuch V (SGB V) zur Sicherung und Weiterentwicklung der
Qualität ihrer Leistungen verpflichtet und haben den expliziten Auftrag, die Qualitätssicherung
in ihrem jeweiligen Bereich zu implementieren.
Dies erfordert eine möglichst exakte, dabei jedoch noch praktikable Erfassung der
funktionalen Gesundheit von Patienten (Die funktionale Gesundheit ist gemäß einer
Definition der WHO zu verstehen als Konsequenz einer Interaktion der Komponenten Körperstrukturen,
Körperfunktionen, Aktivität und Partizipation unter Berücksichtigung von Kontextfaktoren,
die in personenbezogene und Umweltfaktoren differenziert werden [1 ]). Typische Schwierigkeiten bei der Dokumentation qualitativ und quantitativ verwertbarer
Aussagen im Bereich der Rehabilitation sind hoher Zeitaufwand, Unsicherheiten im Umgang
mit standardisierten Assessments und mangelnde Leitlinien bezüglich der Auswahl geeigneter
Assessment-Instrumente.
Das Fallbeispiel beschreibt eine Patientin mit Periarthropathie im Bereich des rechten
Kniegelenks bei posttraumatischer Kniegelenkarthrose. Die Perspektive der Patientin
und der einzelnen Berufsgruppen wird anhand der ICF dargestellt. Mit deren Anerkennung
existiert ein weltweit akzeptiertes Konzept zur Beschreibung der funktionalen Gesundheit
von Patienten mit z. B. Arthrose, die im klinischen Alltag und mithilfe des ICF-Modellblatts
Anwendung findet. Das Beispiel veranschaulicht ein ICF-basiertes Assessment, wie es
in den für 2007 geplanten Leitlinien für die Qualitätssicherung in der Physiotherapie und Ergotherapie erwartet wird.
Abstract
Health professionals such as physiotherapists, occupational therapists and physicians
are required to ensure and enhance their quality management according to the Sozialgesetzbuch
V (SGB V) and have the explicit task of implementing quality control programs within
their area of responsibility.
This requires a practicable and precise assessment of the patients’ functional health
(Functional health according to WHO’s definition is the interaction of the components
body structures, body functions, activity and participation as well as contextual
factors which include both personal and environmental factors [1 ]). The most common problems in documenting quantitatively and qualitatively realisable
rehabilitation data are expenditure of time, uncertainty in handling standardised
assessments and lack of guidelines for the selection of appropriate measures.
The case history presents a patient with posttraumatic osteoarthritis of the knee
associated with periarthropathy. The perspective of the patient as well as of health
professionals is portrayed based on the ICF. The recognition of the ICF provides a
worldwide accepted reference framework for the description of functional health of
patients with for example osteoarthritis for clinical practice supported by the ICF
model sheet. The example demonstrates an ICF-based assessment as is required by the
Guidelines for quality management in physiotherapy and occupational therapy that will be published in 2007.
Schlüsselwörter
Physiotherapie - Ergotherapie - Assessment
Key words
Physiotherapy - occupational therapy - assessment
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Prof. Dr. med. Gerold Stucki
Klinikum der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Klinik und Poliklinik für Physikalische
Medizin und Rehabilitation
Marchioninistr. 15
D-81377 München
eMail: Gerold.Stucki@med.uni-muenchen.de