Influenza-Schutzimpfung - Wo steht Deutschland?

Zusammenfassung

Die Impfung ist die effektivste und kostengünstigste Maßnahme zur Prävention der Influenza. Trotz der in den vergangen Jahren leicht gestiegenen Durchimpfungsraten in der deutschen Bevölkerung werden nur etwa 40 % der chronisch Kranken geimpft. Da ca. ein Drittel der über 50-jährigen Menschen eine chronische Erkrankung hat, sollte die Absenkung der Altersgrenze für die Impfempfehlung von derzeit 60 auf 50 Jahre erwogen werden. Eine solche Impfstrategie wäre aus Sicht der Krankenkassen und der Gesellschaft kosteneffektiv. Für eine Kinder-Impfstrategie, mit der die hohe Morbidität in dieser Altersgruppe gesenkt und die Ausbreitung der Influenza in der Bevölkerung eingedämmt werden könnte, fehlen derzeit vor allem noch Daten zur Krankheitslast im ambulanten Bereich. Gegenwärtig sind zumindest alle Kinder mit Grundkrankheiten und deren unmittelbare Kontaktpersonen zu impfen. Auch schwangere Frauen, deren Geburtstermin in die Influenzasaison fällt, sollten eine Impfung erhalten, um sich und das Neugeborene vor den Komplikationen einer Influenza zu schützen.

Summary

Vaccination is the most efficacious and cost-effective measure for the prevention of influenza. Although the vaccination rate among the population of Germany has been gradually increasing in the last few years, only 40% of chronically ill persons are vaccinated. As a third of all persons aged over 50 years have a chronic disease, vaccination of those aged 50 years and over, from the nows recommended 60 years, should be considered. Such a strategy would be cost-effective both for insurance companies and society as a whole. There are at present no data on ambulatory influenza vaccination rates in children, even though this could reduce the high death rate among this age group and decrease the spread of the disease among the general population. At present all children with an underlying disease and all those in immediate contact with them should be vaccinated. Pregnant women whose expected date of delivery falls within the influenza season should also be vaccinated so that they and their newborn child are protected against influenza.

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