References and Notes
For reviews, see:
<A NAME="RS03406ST-1A">1a</A>
Hakomori S. In Sphingolipid Biochemistry. Handbook of Lipid Research
Vol. 3:
Kafner JN.
Hakomori S.
Plenum;
New York:
1983.
p.1
<A NAME="RS03406ST-1B">1b</A>
Merrill AH.
Sweeley CC. In Biochemistry of Lipids, Lipoproteins and Membranes
Vance DE.
Vance J.
Elsevier Science B. V.;
Amsterdam:
1996.
p.309
<A NAME="RS03406ST-1C">1c</A>
Hannun YA.
Sphingolipid-Mediated Signal Transduction
Chapman and Hall;
New York NY:
1997.
<A NAME="RS03406ST-1D">1d</A>
Hannum YA.
Science
1996,
274:
1855
<A NAME="RS03406ST-1E">1e</A>
Spiegel S.
Milstein S.
J. Membr. Biol.
1995,
146:
225
<A NAME="RS03406ST-1F">1f</A>
Shayman JA.
J. Am. Soc. Nephrol.
1996,
7:
171
<A NAME="RS03406ST-1G">1g</A>
Igarashi Y.
J. Biochem. (Tokyo)
1997,
122:
1080
<A NAME="RS03406ST-1H">1h</A>
Ariga T.
Jarvis WD.
Yu RK.
J. Lipid. Res.
1998,
39:
1
<A NAME="RS03406ST-2A">2a</A>
Hannun YA.
Loomis CR.
Merrill AH.
Bell RM.
J. Biol. Chem.
1986,
261:
2604
<A NAME="RS03406ST-2B">2b</A>
Hannun YA.
Science
1989,
243:
500
<A NAME="RS03406ST-3A">3a</A>
Nugent TC.
Hudlicky T.
J. Org. Chem.
1998,
63:
510
<A NAME="RS03406ST-3B">3b</A>
Kobayashi S.
Furuta T.
Hayashi T.
Nishijima M.
Hanada K.
J. Am. Chem. Soc.
1998,
120:
908
<A NAME="RS03406ST-3C">3c</A>
Mandala SM.
Harris GH.
Methods Enzymol.
2000,
311:
335
<A NAME="RS03406ST-4A">4a</A>
VanMiddlesworth F.
Dufresne C.
Wincott FE.
Mosley RT.
Wilson KE.
Tetrahedron Lett.
1992,
33:
297
<A NAME="RS03406ST-4B">4b</A>
VanMiddlesworth F.
Giacobbe RA.
Lopez M.
Garrity G.
Bland JA.
Bartizal K.
Fromtling RA.
Polishook J.
Zweerink M.
Edison AM.
Rozdilsky W.
Wilson KE.
Monaghan RL.
J. Antibiot.
1992,
45:
861
<A NAME="RS03406ST-4C">4c</A>
Horn WS.
Smith JL.
Bills GF.
Raghoobar SL.
Helms GL.
Kurtz MB.
Marrinan JA.
Frommer BR.
Thornton RA.
Mandala SM.
J. Antibiot.
1992,
45:
1692
<A NAME="RS03406ST-5A">5a</A>
Fujita T.
Inoue K.
Yamamoto S.
Ikumoto T.
Sasaki S.
Toyoma R.
Yoneta M.
Hoshino Y.
Okumoto T.
J. Antibiot.
1994,
47:
208
<A NAME="RS03406ST-5B">5b</A>
Miyake Y.
Kozutsumi Y.
Nakamura S.
Fujita T.
Kawasaki T.
Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.
1995,
211:
396
<A NAME="RS03406ST-5C">5c</A> For synthesis of myriocin, see:
Oishi T.
Ando K.
Chida N.
Chem. Commun.
2001,
1932 ; and references cited therein
<A NAME="RS03406ST-6">6</A>
Zweerink MM.
Edison AM.
Wells GB.
Pinto W.
Lester RL.
J. Biol. Chem.
1992,
267:
25032 ; and references cited therein
<A NAME="RS03406ST-7A">7a</A>
Trost BM.
Lee CB.
J. Am. Chem. Soc.
2001,
123:
12191
<A NAME="RS03406ST-7B">7b</A>
Trost BM.
Lee CB.
J. Am. Chem. Soc.
1998,
120:
6818
<A NAME="RS03406ST-8A">8a</A>
Wang B.
Yu X.-M.
Lin G.-Q.
Synlett
2001,
904
<A NAME="RS03406ST-8B">8b</A>
Liu D.-G.
Wang B.
Lin G.-Q.
J. Org. Chem.
2000,
65:
9114
<A NAME="RS03406ST-9A">9a</A>
Nakamura T.
Shiozaki M.
Tetrahedron
2002,
58:
8779
<A NAME="RS03406ST-9B">9b</A>
Nakamura T.
Shiozaki M.
Tetrahedron Lett.
2001,
42:
2701
<A NAME="RS03406ST-10">10</A>
Oishi T.
Ando K.
Inomiya K.
Sato H.
Iida M.
Chida N.
Org. Lett.
2002,
4:
151
<A NAME="RS03406ST-11A">11a</A>
Kobayashi S.
Furuta T.
Hayashi T.
Nishijima M.
Hanada K.
J. Am. Chem. Soc.
1998,
120:
908
<A NAME="RS03406ST-11B">11b</A>
Kobayashi S.
Furuta T.
Tetrahedron
1998,
54:
10275
<A NAME="RS03406ST-12">12</A>
Lee K.-Y.
Oh C.-Y.
Ham W.-H.
Org. Lett.
2001,
4:
4403
<A NAME="RS03406ST-13A">13a</A>
Sano S.
Kobayashi Y.
Kondo T.
Takebayashi M.
Maruyama S.
Fujita T.
Nagao Y.
Tetrahedron Lett.
1995,
36:
2097
<A NAME="RS03406ST-13B">13b</A>
Payette DR.
Just G.
Can. J. Chem.
1981,
59:
269
<A NAME="RS03406ST-14">14</A> The following reference provides detailed procedures for both the preparation
of precursors of both 8 and its regioisomer, and the preparation of the regioisomer of compound 8 from the corresponding precursor. It should be mentioned that the synthesis of 8 was accomplished from its corresponding precursor following the same procedure. See:
Qiao L.
Hu Y.
Nan F.
Powis G.
Kozikowski AP.
Org. Lett.
2000,
2:
115
For recent examples of Wittig and Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons reaction, see:
<A NAME="RS03406ST-15A">15a</A>
List B.
Doehring A.
Fonseca MTH.
Job A.
Torres RR.
Tetrahedron
2006,
62:
476
For reviews, see:
<A NAME="RS03406ST-15B">15b</A>
Harvey RG.
Curr. Org. Chem.
2004,
8:
303
<A NAME="RS03406ST-15C">15c</A>
Quan L.-G.
Cha J.-K.
Chem. Phys. Lipids
2004,
128
<A NAME="RS03406ST-15D">15d</A>
Rein T.
Vares L.
Kawasaki I.
Pedersen TM.
Norrby P.-O.
Brandt P.
Tanner D.
Phosphorus, Sulfur Silicon Relat. Elem.
1999,
144-146:
169
<A NAME="RS03406ST-16A">16a</A>
Cardillo G.
Simone AD.
Gentilucci L.
Sabatino P.
Tomasini C.
Tetrahedron Lett.
1994,
35:
5051
<A NAME="RS03406ST-16B">16b</A>
Trost BM.
Dake GR.
J. Org. Chem.
1997,
62:
5670
<A NAME="RS03406ST-16C">16c</A>
Krawczyk H.
Synth. Commun.
2000,
30:
1787
<A NAME="RS03406ST-17">17</A>
Analytical Data of Compound 9.
Amorphous solid, [α]D
25 +15.6 (c 0.35, CHCl3). 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3): δ = 7.67-7.85 (m, 4 H), 7.29 (d, J = 8.2 Hz, 2 H), 6.95 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 2 H), 4.65 (d, J = 11.0 Hz, 2 H), 4.43 (d, J = 4.1 Hz, 1 H), 4.40 (s, 3 H), 4.28 (m, 1 H), 4.19 (d, J = 10.6 Hz, 1 H), 4.07 (dd, J
1 = 10.2 Hz, J
2 = 9.0 Hz, 1 H), 3.92 (s, 3 H), 3.65 (dd, J
1 = 9.6 Hz, J
2 = 8.8 Hz, 1 H), 2.27 (d, J = 7.4 Hz, 2 H), 1.53 (s, 3 H), 1.49 (s, 3 H), 1.39 (s, 3 H), 1.34 (s, 3 H). 13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3): δ = 171.03, 166.48, 166.50, 159.31, 158.70, 134.57, 134.45, 134.43, 133.63, 131.66,
131.38, 129.89, 129.50, 129.48, 116.45, 110.76, 110.54, 80.02, 79.89, 79.07, 76.75,
75.34, 73.36, 72.16, 71.40, 57.86, 27.33, 27.06, 26.68, 24.65. HRMS: m/z calcd for C31H35NO10: 581.2261; found: 581.2263.
<A NAME="RS03406ST-18A">18a</A>
Paulsen H.
Heiker FR.
Angew Chem., Int. Ed. Engl.
1980,
19:
904
<A NAME="RS03406ST-18B">18b</A>
Paulsen H.
Heiker FR.
Liebigs Ann. Chem.
1981,
2180
<A NAME="RS03406ST-19">19</A>
Bartlett PA.
Johnson WS.
Tetrahedron Lett.
1970,
4459
For recent examples of Barton decarboxylation, see:
<A NAME="RS03406ST-20A">20a</A>
Masterson DS.
Porter NA.
Org. Lett.
2002,
4:
4253
<A NAME="RS03406ST-20B">20b</A>
Elena M.
Taddei M.
Tetrahedron Lett.
2001,
42:
3519
<A NAME="RS03406ST-20C">20c</A> For a review, see:
Barton DHR.
Aldrichimica Acta
1990,
23:
3
<A NAME="RS03406ST-21A">21a</A>
Gigg J.
Gigg R.
Payne S.
Conant R.
J. Chem. Soc., Perkin. Trans. 1
1987,
423
<A NAME="RS03406ST-21B">21b</A>
Vacca JP.
de Solms SJ.
Huff JR.
J. Am. Chem. Soc.
1987,
109:
3478
<A NAME="RS03406ST-21C">21c</A>
Vacca JP.
de Solms SJ.
Huff JR.
Billington BC.
Baker R.
Kulagowski JJ.
Mawer IM.
Tetrahedron
1989,
45:
5679
<A NAME="RS03406ST-22">22</A>
Analytical Data of Compound 12.
Amorphous solid, [α]D
25 +20.3 (c 0.15, CHCl3). 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3): δ = 7.70-7.88 (m, 4 H), 7.27-7.33 (m, 6 H), 6.86-6.89 (m, 4 H), 6.85 (d, J = 8.3 Hz, 2 H), 4.63-4.68 (m, 6 H), 4.40 (d, J = 3.8 Hz, 1 H), 4.29 (m, 1 H), 3.90 (d, J = 10.6 Hz, 1 H), 3.83 (2 × s, 6 H), 3.80 (s, 3 H), 3.48 (dd, J
1 = 10.6 Hz, J
2 = 10.2 Hz, 1 H), 3.45 (dd, J
1 = 10.6 Hz, J
2 = 9.8 Hz, 1 H), 1.67 (s, 3 H), 1.36 (s, 3 H), 1.33 (s, 3 H). 13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3): δ = 166.68, 166.50, 159.31, 159.16, 157.35, 138.56, 138.45, 135.46, 135.15, 134.43,
133.10, 131.58, 131.38, 130.73, 129.89, 129.50, 128.55, 128.38, 128.37, 128.00, 127.99,
113.91, 110.89, 83.22, 81.49, 81.28, 76.50, 75.60, 71.73, 69.19, 55.63, 27.35, 25.91.
<A NAME="RS03406ST-23A">23a</A>
Bredenkamp MW.
Holzapfel CW.
Swanepoel AD.
Tetrahedron Lett.
1990,
31:
2759
<A NAME="RS03406ST-23B">23b</A>
David S.
Hanessian S.
Tetrahedron
1985,
41:
643
<A NAME="RS03406ST-23C">23c</A>
Pereyre M.
Quintard J.-P.
Rahm A.
Tin in Organic Synthesis
Butterworths;
London:
1987.
p.261
<A NAME="RS03406ST-24">24</A>
Analytical Data of Compound 6.
Amorphous solid, [α]D
25 +8.9 (c 0.20, CHCl3). 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3): δ = 7.74-7.90 (m, 4 H), 7.26-7.33 (m, 6 H), 6.86-6.89 (m, 4 H), 6.85 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 2 H), 5.31 (s, 1 H), 4.64-4.68 (m, 4 H), 4.64 (d, J = 9.6 Hz, 2 H), 3.86 (d, J = 9.2 Hz, 1 H), 3.85 (s, 3 H), 3.81 (s, 3 H), 3.80 (s, 3 H), 3.46 (dd, J
1 = 9.6 Hz, J
2 = 7.8 Hz, 1 H), 3.35 (br s, 1 H), 3.35 (s, 3 H), 1.66 (s, 3 H). 13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3): δ = 165.78, 165.50, 159.31, 159.26, 139.77, 138.85, 138.46, 135.46, 135.02, 134.44,
133.20, 132.66, 131.75, 131.23, 129.89, 129.88, 128.05, 127.98, 127.85, 126.88, 110.91,
110.89, 83.63, 81.62, 81.28, 80.66, 75.81, 75.47, 74.27, 73.97, 55.23, 55.20. HRMS:
m/z calcd for C40H41NO9: 679.2781; found: 679.2785.
<A NAME="RS03406ST-25A">25a</A>
Chida N.
Yamada L.
Suzuki M.
Ogawa S.
J. Carbohydr. Chem.
1992,
11:
137
<A NAME="RS03406ST-25B">25b</A>
Paulsen H.
Roeben W.
Liebigs Ann. Chem.
1985,
5:
974
<A NAME="RS03406ST-26">26</A>
Analytical Data for Compound 2 (Sphingofungin F).
Amorphous solid, [α]D
25 +1.33 (c 0.20, MeOH). 1H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD): δ = 5.78 (dt, J
1 = 15.6 Hz, J
2 = 6.6 Hz, 1 H), 5.46 (dd, J
1 = 15.5 Hz, J
2 = 8.0 Hz, 1 H), 4.11 (t, J = 7.6 Hz, 1 H), 3.86 (br s, 1 H), 3.67 (d, J = 7.5 Hz, 1 H), 2.45 (t, J = 7.5 Hz, 4 H), 2.04-2.06 (m, 2 H), 1.49-1.56 (m, 4 H), 1.48 (s, 3 H), 1.26-1.43
(m, 12 H), 0.90 (t, J = 6.7 Hz, 3 H). 13C NMR (100 MHz, CD3OD): δ = 214.53, 175.32, 135.75, 130.30, 76.25, 75.73, 72.44, 67.03, 43.50, 33.52,
32.79, 30.26, 30.03, 25.02, 23.67, 21.80, 14.43.