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DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-963051
© Karl Demeter Verlag im Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Severe Gastrointestinal Disease Due to HIV-1-Seronegative AIDS
Schwere gastrointestinale Symptomatik bei einem HIV-1-seronegativen Patienten mit AIDSPublikationsverlauf
manuscript received: 2.9.2006
manuscript accepted: 2.3.2007
Publikationsdatum:
14. August 2007 (online)

Zusammenfassung
Ein HIV-1 seronegativer Patient stellte sich mit Odynophagie, Dysphagie, Durchfall, Tenesmus sowie einem Gewichtsverlust von 22 kg vor. Bei der endoskopischen Untersuchung stellten sich eine ausgedehnte ösophageale Ulzeration und eine rektale Fissur dar. Stuhlproben und Biopsien vom Ulkus des Ösophagus, vom Duodenum, Kolon und Rectum erbrachten keinen Hinweis auf eine mikrobielle Genese. Obwohl der Patient HIV-1 negativ war, wurde ein seronegatives AIDS vermutet, was durch den Nachweis von großen Mengen HIV-1 mRNA (> 242 000 Kopien/mL) bestätigt wurde. Das Ösophagusulkus sprach gut auf die Gabe oraler Corticosteroide an, ebenso die HIV-1 Infektion auf eine antiretrovirale (HAART, hoch aktive antiretrovirale Therapie) Therapie. Das vom Patienten isolierte Virus sowie das von einer HIV-1 seropositiven, asymptomatischen Prostituierten, mit der der Patient kürzlich eine ein Jahr andauernde heterosexuelle Beziehung beendet hatte, zeigten Sequenzhomologie. Die ungewöhnlich schwere gastrointestinale Symptomatik bei einem HIV-1 seronegativen Patienten mit HIV-1 Virämie unterstreicht die Wichtigkeit des Einschlusses von AIDS in die Differenzialdiagnose von Patienten mit Wasting-Syndrom bzw. B-Symptomatik (Fieber, Nachtschweiß, Gewichtsverlust), die HIV-negativ sind, aber Risikofaktoren für die HIV-Infektion haben.
Abstract
An HIV-1 seronegative man presented with odynophagia, dysphagia, diarrhea, tenesmus and a 50-lb weight loss. A large esophageal ulcer and a rectal fissure were identified endoscopically. Stool samples and biopsy specimens from the esophageal ulcer, duodenum, colon and rectum were negative for pathogens. Seronegative AIDS was suspected, and high levels of HIV-1 mRNA (> 242 000 copies/mL) were detected. The esophageal ulcer responded to oral steroids and the HIV-1 infection to highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART). The virus isolated from the patient and an HIV-1 seropositive, asymptomatic, female sex worker with whom he had recently terminated a one-year heterosexual relationship showed sequence homology, indicating her as the source of his virus. The unusual presentation of severe gastrointestinal disease in an HIV-1 seronegative man with HIV-1 virema underscores the importance of including AIDS in the differential diagnosis of wasting syndrome (i. e., B-type symptoms such as fever, night sweats, weight loss) in patients who are HIV-1 seronegative but at risk for AIDS.
Schlüsselwörter
Ösophagus - infektiöse Kolitis - Darm
Key words
esophagus - infectious colitis - intestine
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Klaus Mönkemüller, M. D.
Klinikum für Gastroenterologie, Hepatologie und Infektiologie, Universitätsklinikum
Magdeburg, Otto-von-Guericke Universität
Leipzigerstr. 44
39120 Magdeburg, Germany
eMail: klaus.moenkemueller@medizin.uni-magdeburg.de