Ernährungsfaktoren und Ernährungstherapie beim Reizdarmsyndrom - was ist valide?

Zusammenfassung

Die Prävalenz von Reizdarmsyndrom (RDS) hat in den letzten 50 Jahren in den Ländern mit westlichen Verzehrsgewohnheiten zugenommen, 20 - 65 % der Patienten mit Reizdarmsyndrom sehen einen Zusammenhang zwischen Nahrungsbestandteilen und der Beschwerdesymptomatik. Die Daten zu Eliminationsdiäten und Provokationsversuchen sind jedoch widersprüchlich. Obwohl es Untersuchungen gibt, dass Ballaststoffe bei einigen Reizdarmpatienten helfen können, gibt es in der Literatur keine einheitlichen diätetischen Empfehlungen. Einige Studien belegen, dass Probiotika zu einer Minderung der Symptome beitragen können. Trotz verschiedener Arbeiten, die sich mit der Thematik beschäftigen, erscheint es schwierig, Ernährungsempfehlungen für Reizdarmpatienten zu formulieren; jedoch kann eine Ernährungsberatung durchaus wertvoll für die Patienten sein. Weitere prospektive Studien sind erforderlich, um den Einfluss von diätetischen Faktoren und Probiotika in diesem Zusammenhang zu evaluieren.

Abstract

The prevalence of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) has increased over the last 50 years in countries where a Western-style diet has been prominent or introduced and 20 - 65 % of patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) attribute their symptoms to something in food that activates an abnormal response. However, data from dietary elimination and re-challenge studies are inconclusive. Although investigations have shown that bran may be helpful in some patients, a complete review of the literature does not reveal conclusive evidence that a high fibre diet therapy is effective in IBS. From the limited reports on probiotics, there appears to be a trend to decreasing symptoms. Despite numerous reviews on this subject, it is very difficult to give general dietary advice to IBS patients, but dietary experts may have a positive role in managing such patients. It is clear that much more prospective research is needed to study both dietary factors and probiotics in these areas.

Reizdarmsyndrom - Ernährungstherapie - Fruktosemalabsorption - Laktoseintoleranz - Diät - Prä-/Probiotika - Gluten - Pfefferminzöl

irritable bowel syndrome - nutrition therapy - fructose malabsorption - lactose malabsorption - diet - pre-/probiotics - gluten - peppermint oil

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