Zusammenfassung
Ziel: Die aufklappende Tibiakopfosteotomie ist ein etabliertes Verfahren zur Behandlung
der unikompartimentellen Gonarthrose bei jungen Patienten. Der Erfolg der Operation
wird wesentlich durch das Erreichen einer korrekten Beinachse beeinflusst. Wir untersuchten
die Sicherheit und Präzision eines intraoperativ angewandten, computergestützten Navigationssystems.
Primärer Endpunkt der Untersuchung war eine enge Korrelation zwischen radiologisch
und navigiert ermittelter Beinachse. Methode: Zwischen 1/2004 und 8/2006 wurden 40 Kniegelenke bei 39 Patienten (27 Männer, 12
Frauen), mit Varusgonarthrose computernavigiert valgisiert und prospektiv untersucht.
Das Durchschnittsalter betrug 46,3 Jahre (26 - 64 Jahre), das Durchschnittsgewicht
betrug 83,2 kg (54 - 118 kg). Ergebnisse: Die klinische und radiologische Nachuntersuchung erfolgte 2 Tage und 3 Monate (Ganzbeinstandaufnahme)
postoperativ. Es zeigte sich eine gute Korrelation zwischen radiologisch und navigiert
ermittelter mechanischer Beinachse (präoperativ, 8,0 ± 2,5° Röntgen; 7,8 ± 2,1° navigiert;
Varus). Die postoperativen Werte zeigen eine breitere Streuung (postoperativ, 0,6
± 3,2° Röntgen; - 0,7 ± 1,0° navigiert; Valgus). 2 Korrekturverluste traten auf und
mussten operativ behandelt werden. Schlussfolgerung: Die aufklappende hohe Tibiakopfosteotomie ist mit verbesserten OP-Techniken und winkelstabilen
Implantaten zu einem etablierten Therapieverfahren der Varusgonarthrose geworden.
Sie kann in ihrer Präzision und Sicherheit durch computergestützte Navigation verbessert
werden.
Abstract
Aim: The open-wedge high tibial osteotomy is an established procedure for the treatment
of the unicompartimental gonarthrosis in young patients. An adequate correction of
osseous malalignment is crucial for a sufficient reduction of stress in a diseased
compartment. We have examined reliability and precision of an intraoperatively used
computer-assisted navigation system for high tibial osteotomy. The aim of the study
is to show the equivalent safety and effectiveness of high tibial osteotomies carried
out with the computer-assisted navigation system. It is assumed that a good correlation
between the mechanical tibio-femoral axis as measured by radiography and by the navigation
system can be achieved. Method: 40 medial open-wedge osteotomies were performed with computer-assisted navigation
on 39 patients (27 males, 12 females) between 1/2004 and 8/2006. The average age was
46.3 years (range: 26 - 64 years), the average weight was 83.2 kg (range: 54 - 118
kg). Results: A good correlation between radiographic data and the data acquired with the navigation
system was found for the tibio-femoral axis: preoperative data (8.0 ± 2.5°, radiographic;
7.8 ± 2.1° navigated) for varus alignment. The postoperative correlation was lower
than the preoperative one (postoperative data (0.6 ± 3.2° radiographic; - 0.7 ± 1.0°
navigated) for valgus alignment. In 2 patients a loss of correction occurred and had
to be treated operatively. Conclusion: High tibial osteotomy is an established therapy procedure for unicompartmental gonarthrosis.
It can be improved in its precision and reliability by computer-assisted navigation.
Schlüsselwörter
Navigation - Gonarthrose - aufklappende Umstellungsosteotomie - winkelstabile Osteosynthese
Key words
computer‐assisted orthopaedic surgery - gonarthrosis - open wedge osteotomy - rigid
internal fixation
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Dr. med. Rainer Wiehe
Orthopädie/Traumatologie
Sportklinik Stuttgart
Taubenheimstraße 8
70372 Stuttgart
Telefon: 07 11/5 53 53 25
Fax: 07 11/5 53 51 20
eMail: wiehe.rainer@sportklinik-stuttgart.de