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Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2007; 28(1): 053-074
DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-970333
DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-970333
Pulmonary Sarcoidosis
Further Information
Publication History
Publication Date:
28 February 2007 (online)
ABSTRACT
Sarcoidosis, a granulomatous disorder of unknown etiology, characteristically involves multiple organs. However, pulmonary manifestations typically dominate. Chest radiographs are abnormal in 85 to 95% of patients. Abnormalities in pulmonary function tests are common and may be associated with cough, dyspnea, and exercise limitation. However, one third or more of patients are asymptomatic, with incidental abnormalities on chest radiographs. The clinical course and expression of pulmonary sarcoidosis are variable. Spontaneous remissions occur in nearly two thirds of patients. The course is chronic in up to 30% of patients. Chronic pulmonary sarcoidosis may result in progressive (sometimes life-threatening) loss of lung function. Fatalities ascribed to sarcoidosis occur in 1 to 4% of patients. Although the impact of treatment is controversial, corticosteroids may be highly effective in some patients. Immunosuppressive, cytotoxic, or immunomodulatory agents are reserved for patients failing or experiencing adverse effects from corticosteroids. Lung transplantation is a viable option for patients with life-threatening disease failing medical therapy.
KEYWORDS
Pulmonary sarcoidosis - nonnecrotizing granuloma - necrotizing sarcoid angiitis
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Joseph P Lynch IIIM.D.
The David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care
Medicine, and Hospitalists
10833 Le Conte Ave., Rm. 37-131 CHS, Los Angeles, CA 90095
Email: jplynch@mednet.ucla.edu