Subscribe to RSS
DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-973851
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Effects of Balneotherapy on Serum Interleukine-2 Receptors, Inflammation Markers and Cortisol Levels in Knee Osteoarthritis
Einfluss von Balneotherapie auf den Serumspiegel von Interleukine-2-Rezeptoren, Entzündungsmarker und Kortisol in Patienten mit Osteoarthritis des KniegelenkesPublication History
eingereicht: 10.8.2006
angenommen: 16.3.2007
Publication Date:
22 August 2007 (online)
Abstract
Aims: To investigate hormonal and T cell-mediated immune responses and pain intensity on the osteoarthritic patients before and after balneotherapy (BT).
Methods: In this randomized controlled study, 47 patients with grade 2 and 3 knee osteoarthritis (KOA) were included in BT (n=23) and heated tap water (TW) (n=24) therapy groups. Group I was treated with 37 °C spa water (BT group) in a small therapeutic pool. Group II (TW) was treated with heated tap water (37 °C) in the same pool as placebo-control. Patients in both of the groups had 20 min/day treatment for 10 days. Participants were assessed before treatment, after 10 days-treatment and at the 12th week for sIL-2R, cortisol, erytrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP) and pain intensity (pVAS).
Results: BT and heated TW therapy both decreased pain intensity and sIL-2R levels at the 2nd week and 12th weeks. BT was superior to heated tap water therapy in reducing pVAS after 10 days-treatment (p<0.05) and sIL-2R levels after 10 days-treatment and at the12th week (p<0.05, p<0.001). In BT group, decrease in CRP was superior to TW therapy group at after 10 days-treatment and at the 12th week (p<0.05, p<0.05).
Conclusion: We observed improvement in pain and reduction in sIL-2R in osteoarthritic patients with BT and heated TW therapy. However, BT was superior to TW therapy for changes in pain, sIL-2R and CRP after the therapy and in the long term.
Zusammenfassung
Ziele: Untersuchung der hormonalen und T-Zell vermittelten Immunantwort, biochemischen Entzündungsmarkern und Schmerzintensität bei Patienten mit Osteoarthritis vor und nach Balneo-therapie.
Methoden: Randomisierte, kontrollierte Stu-die, 47 Patienten mit Osteoarthritis des Kniegelenkes in zwei Gruppen mit Balneotherapie/Mineralwasser (BT) (n=23) und mit erwärmten Leitungswasser (TW) (n=24) in einem Bewegungsbecken. Die Behandlung der BT-Gruppe erfolgte mit 37 °C temperierten Mineralwasser, die TW-Gruppe mit 37 °C temperierten Leitungswasser als Placebo-Kontrolle. Die Behandlung erfolgte in beiden Gruppen jeweils 20 min/Tag über 10 Tage. Die Patienten wurden vor Behandlungsbeginn, am Behandlungsende und nach 12 Wochen untersucht: sIL-2R, Kortisol, Blutsenkungsreaktion, C-reaktives Protein und Schmerz-intensität (VAS).
Ergebnisse: In beiden Gruppen verringern sich die Schmerzintensität und sIL-2R-Spiegel am Ende der Behandlung und nach 12 Wochen. BT zeigte eine größere Reduktion der pVAS nach 10 Behandlungen (p<0,05) gegenüber Leitungswasser und der sIL-2R-Spiegel nach 10 Behandlungen und 12 Wochen (p<0,05, p<0,001). In der BT-Gruppe war der Abfall des CRP größer als in der TW-Gruppe jeweils nach 10 Behandlungen und nach 12 Wochen (p<0,05, p<0,05).
Zusammenfassung: Es wird eine Schmerzverringerung und eine Reduktion des sIL-2R bei den untersuchten Patienten in beiden Thera-piegruppen beobachtet. Jedoch zeigte die BT eine stärkere Beeinflussung gegenüber TW bezüglich Schmerzreduktion, Interleukin-2 und CRP sowohl nach Therapieende als auch in der Nachbeurteilung.
Key words
Balneotherapy - Cortisol - inflammation - interleukine-2
Schlüsselwörter
Balneotherapie - Kortisol - Entzündung - Interleukine-2
References
-
1 Howel DS, Pelletier JP. Etiopathogenesis os osteoarthritis. In: DL McCarty and WJ Kopman (eds).
Arthritis and allied conditions . Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia 1993 p. 1723-1734 - 2 Goldenberg DL, Egan MS, Cohen AS. Inflammatory synovitis in degenerative joint disease. J Rheumatol. 1982; 9 204-209
- 3 Haraoui B, Pelletier JP, Cloutier JM. et al . Synovial membrane histology and immunopathology in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis: in vivo effects of anti-rheumatic drugs. Arthritis Rheum. 1991; 34 153-163
- 4 Kennedy TD, Plater-Zyberk C, Partridge TA. et al . Morphometric comparison of synovium from patients with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. J Clin Pathol. 1988; 41 847-852
- 5 Sakkas LI, Scanzello C, Johanson N. et al . T cells and T-cell cytokine transkripts in the synovial membrane in patients with osteoarthritis. Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology. 1998; 5 430-437
- 6 Sukenik S, Flusser D, Abu-Shakra M. The role of spa therapy in various rheumatic diseases. Rheum Dis Clin North Am. 1999; 25 883-897
- 7 Nguyen M, Revel M, Dougados M. Prolonged effects of 3 week therapy in a spa resort on lumbar, knee and hip osteoarthritis. British Journal of Rheumatology. 1997; 36 77-81
- 8 Kuczera M, Kokot F. Effect of spa therapy on the endocrine system. Pol Arch Med Wewn. 1996; 95 11-20
- 9 Pizzoferrato A, Garzia I, Cenni E. et al . Beta endorphine and stres hormones in patients affected by osteoarthritis undergoing thermal mud therapy. Minerva Med. 2000; 91 239-245
- 10 Levine M, Mcguire K, Mcgowan K. et al . Assessment of the test characteristics of C-reactive protein for septic arthritis in children. Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics. 2003; 23 373-377
- 11 Shah S, Newby L. C-reactive protein: A novel marker of cardiovascular disease risk. Cardiology review. 2003; 11 169-179
- 12 Sharif M, Granell R, Johansen J. et al . Serum oligometric matrix protein and other biomarker profiles in tibiofemoral and patellofemoral osteoarthritis of the knee. Rheumatology. 2006; 45 522-526
- 13 Altman RD, Blach DA, Bole GG. et al . Development of criteria for osteoarthritis. J Rheumatol. 1999; 26 1959-1963
- 14 Kellgren JS, Lawrence JS. Radiological assesment of osteoartrosis. Ann Rheum Dis. 1957; 16 494-502
- 15 Bellometti S, Galzigna L. Function of the hypothalamic adrenal axis in patients with fibromyalgia syndrome undergoing mud-pack treatment. Int J Clin Pharmacol Res. 1999; 19 27-33
- 16 Ekmekcioglu C, Strauss-Blasche G, Holzer F. et al . Effect of sulfur baths on antioxidative defense systems, peroxide concentrations and lipid levels in patients with degenerative osteoarthritis. Forsch Komplementarmed Klass Naturheilkd. 2002; 9 216-220
- 17 Valututti S, Castellino F, Musiani P. Effect of sulfurous (thermal) water on T lymphocyte proliferative response. Ann Allergy. 1990; 65 463-468
- 18 Blackburn W. Validity of acute phase proteins as markers of disease activity. Journal of Rheumatology. 1994; 42 9-13
- 19 Takahashi M, Naito K, Abe M. et al . Relationship between radiographic grading of osteoarthritis and the biochemical markers for arthritis in knee osteoarthritis. Arthritis Research and Therapy. 2004; 6 208-212
- 20 Curkovic B, Vitulic V, Babic-Naglic D. et al . The influence of heat and cold on the pain treshold in rheumatoid arthritis. Z Rheumatol. 1993; 52 289-291
- 21 Kubota K, Kurabayashi H, Tamura K. et al . A transient rise in plasma â-endorphine after a traditional 47 degrees C hot spring bath in Kusatsu spa, Japan. Life Sci. 1992; 15 1877-1880
- 22 Kappel M, Diamant M, Hansen MB. et al . Effects of in vitro hypertermia on the proliferative response of blood mononuclear cell subsets and detection of ILs 1 and 6, TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma. Immunology. 1991; 73 304-308
- 23 Verhagen AP, Bierma-Zeinstra SMA, Cardoso JR. et al . Balneotherapy for rheumatoid arthritis. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2006;
Correspondence
Dr. A. Alp
UÜ Atatürk Rehabilitasyon Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkezi Kükürtlü Kaplcalar
16080
Bursa
Turkey
Phone: +02/24/234 76 87
Fax: +02/24/234 76 90
Email: ay_alev@hotmail.com