Medikamentöse Therapie des kleinzelligen Bronchialkarzinoms (SCLC) - neue molekulare Therapieansätze

Zusammenfassung

Kleinzellige Bronchialkarzinome (SCLC) sind mit einem Anteil von etwa 20 % die aggressivsten Lungentumore. Obwohl sie zunächst gut auf Chemotherapeutika ansprechen, sind sie schnell wieder progredient und ihre Prognose hat sich daher auch nach über dreißig Jahren intensiver Forschung nicht wesentlich verbessert. Durch das molekulare Verständnis der Tumorentstehung und der maßgeblich beteiligten Gene beim SCLC könnten sich aber für die Zukunft interessante neue therapeutische Ansatzpunkte in Form von Antikörpern, kleinen Molekülen oder Vakzinierungen ergeben. Nach einer kurzen Einleitung über die Funktion des jeweiligen Gens wird dessen klinische Bedeutung beim SCLC erläutert. Hier soll zunächst die diagnostische und prognostische Bedeutung beleuchtet werden. Anschließend werden die aktuellen therapeutischen Ansätze, die sich häufig noch auf dem Level von klinischen Phase-I- und -II-Studien befinden, vorgestellt und bewertet.

Abstract

Small-cell lung cancer accounts for up to 20 % of lung cancer and is the most aggressive type. Although responding to chemotherapy, it often relapses early. In spite of more than thirty years of intensive research, its prognosis has not been inproved. Through increasing knowledge about molecular mechanisms and the involved genes, translational research into antibodies, small molecules and even vaccines, might result in interesting new strategies for the near future. After a short introduction about the function of the relevant genes, the diagnostic and prognostic value will be described. In the second part of this review the focus will lie on current studies (mostly phases I and II) for the treatment of SCLC.

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