Bronchoalveolar Lavage

REFERENCES

• 1 Golde D W, Drew W L, Klein H Z, Finley T N, Cline M J. Occult pulmonary haemorrhage in leukaemia.  BMJ. 1975;  2 166-168
• 2 Finley T N, Ladman A J. Low yield of pulmonary surfactant in cigarette smokers.  N Engl J Med. 1972;  286 223-227
• 3 Finley T N, Swenson E W, Curran W S, Huber G L, Ladman A J. Bronchopulmonary lavage in normal subjects and patients with obstructive lung disease.  Ann Intern Med. 1967;  66 651-658
• 4 Drew W L, Finley T N, Mintz L, Klein H Z. Diagnosis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia by bronchopulmonary lavage.  JAMA. 1974;  230 713-715
• 5 Reynolds H Y, Newball H H. Analysis of proteins and respiratory cells obtained from human lungs by bronchial lavage.  J Lab Clin Med. 1974;  84 559-573
• 6 Reynolds H Y. Use of bronchoalveolar lavage in humans: past necessity and future imperative.  Lung. 2000;  178 271-293
• 7 Klech H, Pohl W. Technical recommendations and guidelines for bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL).  Eur Respir J. 1989;  2 561-585
• 8 The BAL Cooperative Group Steering Committee . Bronchoalveolar lavage constituents in healthy individuals, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, and selected comparison groups.  Am Rev Respir Dis. 1990;  141 S169-S202
• 9 Haslam P L, Baughman R P. ERS task force report on measurement of acellular components in BAL.  Eur Respir Rev. 1999;  9 25-27
• 10 Hunninghake G W, Crystal R G. Pulmonary sarcoidosis: a disorder mediated by excess helper T-lymphocyte activity at sites of disease activity.  N Engl J Med. 1981;  305 429-432
• 11 Stover D E, Zaman M B, Hajdu S I et al.. Role of bronchoalveolar lavage in the diagnosis of diffuse pulmonary infiltrates in the immunosuppressed host.  Ann Intern Med. 1984;  101 1-7
• 12 Thorpe J E, Baughman R P, Frame P T, Wesseler T A, Staneck J L. Bronchoalveolar lavage for diagnosing acute bacterial pneumonia.  J Infect Dis. 1987;  155 855-861
• 13 Torres A, El-Ebiary M. Bronchoscopic BAL in the diagnosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia.  Chest. 2000;  117 198S-202S